1. CATO THE ELDER AND THE ROMAN REPUBLIC Week Four

2. less = without speech_____fear_____breath_____

3. ology = the study of cosmetologypsychologymeteorology

4. I. Cato the Elder  A spokesperson for traditional values, even as he benefits from the new world of commerce and internationalism

5. II. Hellenistic Greece A. The Rise of Macedon  Philip II (359-336) fills the vacuum left by the Greek disunity  Assassination leaves the throne to son Alexander

6. II. Hellenistic Greece B. Empire of Alexander the Great 1. Alexander’s conquests (334-323) Military victories to India 2. Binding together an empire Respected local customs Alliances through marriage New cities: Alexandria in Egypt

7. Alexander’s empire

8. III. The Roman Republic A. Roman ideals Farming in Latium Paterfamilias: system in which father has total authority; curia Traditional values Honesty, hard work, frugality, and farming Legends of early Rome: Cincinnatus and Remus and Romulus

9. paterfamilias

10. Cincinnatus plowing his land

11. Roman legend of Romulus and Remus

13. III. Roman Republic B. Etruscan realities (800-500)  Not so provincial Etruscan League. Urban growth  Not so ideal Class divisions between patricians and plebeians Political inequalities in the new centuriate  Legacy of the Etruscans Rome transforms into a unified, prosperous urban center

14. IV. Roman Imperialism A. Political expansion  Military campaigns brought all of Italy under Roman control by 264. B. Punic Wars  First Punic War (265- 241): Rome outlasts Carthage

15. The Punic Wars

16. IV. Roman Imperialism  Second Punic War Cato joins the army Hannibal’s epic march— with elephants!—inflicts devastation on Romans. Romans rally; defeat Hasdrubal; take the fight to North Africa  Third Punic War Cato: “Carthage must be destroyed”

17. Hannibal’s elephants

18. IV. Roman Imperialism C. Expansion into the Hellenistic East

19. phobia = the fear of acrophobia claustrophobiaarachnophobia

20. ian/or = a person who... What suffix could finish these? centenar_____vegetar_____librar_____

21. V. The Roman Republic A. Cato’s rise to power Public service An arbitrator of disputes Patronage Flaccus: a young nobleman from a patrician family Sabine farm

22. V. The Roman Republic B. Cato’s offices and republican civilization  Military tribune  Aedile  Quaestor  Censor  Consul: Oppian Law and the women’s rebellion  Governor of Hispania: ruthless destruction and then incorporation of the conquered

23. V. The Roman Republic  Plebeian resistance  Law of the Twelve Tables  Cato’s support of democratic reform  Traditional values Severity Frugality Simplicity Reading the Twelve Tables

25. Tour of a Roman home

26. V. The Roman Republic Crisis of Roman Virtue Gender roles change More luxury Urban squalor Cato, like many others, complicit in these changes Cato as a transitional figure—Janus-faced

27. Roman fly-over

28. Epilogue  The Cato Institute  A prominent libertarian think tank in Washington, D.C.