1. Italy, 500 BC

2. First King of Rome- Romulus Romulus is the mythic founder of Rome Dies in 714 BC Period of interregnum

3. Second King of Rome- Numa Pompilius Rules 714-673 BC Sabine Known for piety, wisdom Made peace with neighbors temple of Janus Calendar reforms Religious reforms

5. Third King of Rome- Tullus Hostilius Rules 673-641 Military focus Makes war with Alba Longa Built Curia Hostilia

6. Curia Julia- replaces Curia Hostilius and Curia Cornelius

7. Reconstruction of the Curia Julia

8. Fourth King of Rome- Ancus Marcius Rules 641-616 BC Grandson of Numa Restored religious observances Separated religious/military obligations for kings Built port of Ostia

10. Fifth King of Rome- Lucius Tarquinius Priscus Rules 616-579 BC Wealthy Etruscan who moved to Rome Married Tanaquil Campaigns for the throne as Ancus is dying Doubles number of senators Created Circus Maximus

11. Imperial palace and Circus Maximus

12. Circus Maximus

13. Lucius Tarquinius Priscus cont. Adopts Servius Tullius as a son because of miraculous sign The sons of Ancus make an assassination attempt Sevius takes command as a temporary king Sons of Ancus flee Tarquinius Priscus dies

14. Sixth King of Rome- Servius Tullius Rules 578-535 Born a slave, adopted by Tarquinius Priscus Reforms class structure based off how much armor/weapons a man could afford Poor relieved of military burden Allotted more political power to wealthy

15. Servius Tullius cont. Tarquinius Priscus had 2 legitimate sons: Tarquin (older) and Arnus (younger) Servius Tullius had 2 daughters: Tullia (older) and Tullia (younger) Tarquin marries Tullia the Older Arnus marries Tullia the Younger Tullia the Younger and Tarquin conspire, kill their spouses, marry each other, kill Servius Tullius

17. Seventh King of Rome- Tarquinius Superbus Rules 534-509 Killed the supporters of Servius Tullius Forced-labor building projects: –Temple of Jupiter –Cloaca Maxima Engages in more wars

18. The Fall of the Kingdom and Birth of the Republic Son of Tarquinius Superbus, Sextus, and Collatinus get into argument over whose wife is better Sextus’ wife was at a party, Collatinus’ wife, Lucretia, was at home working Sextus rapes Lucretia Lucretia calls together her husband, father, and brother, then commits suicide People of Rome rise against the Tarquins