1. iGCSE Business Studies
2.2.2 Management and Leadership

2. Clue to the topic of today’s lesson

3. Learning Outcomes To Understand the main functions of management:
Planning
Organising
Co-ordinating
Commanding
Controlling
The importance of delegation: trust versus control

4. Question… What does a manager do?
Coordinating
Planning
Controlling
Organising
What do these words mean?
Commanding

5. Key Term: Delegation
Refers to passing authority & control on to others (normally further down in the hierarchy) Key Point: The manager retains responsibility, but the subordinate does the work. What are the benefits of delegation?

6. Benefits of Delegation
Makes work more interesting
Increases Job satisfaction
Prepares staff for promotion
Gives managers more time for other issues
Subordinate feels trusted
Tasks can be done quicker
Less Stress for managers

7. What points are these cartoons making about Delegation?

12. Why might a manager be reluctant to delegate?

13. Key Terms: Centralisation and decentralisation
Centralisation: Retaining control within the top levels of the hierarchy – at head office
Decentralisation: Delegating authority down the hierarchy
Centralisation
Retains tight control at the top of the organisation
Employees are not able to show flair and initiative
Decentralisation
Motivates employees by giving them more freedom and responsibility
Employees may not have the experience/training to carry out tasks effectively
Would you rather work in an organisation that was centralised or decentralised?

14. Management Versus Leadership

15. "Leadership is the ability of a superior to influence the behavior of a subordinate or group and persuade them to follow a particular course of action." — Chester Bernard

16. Question…. Are Management and Leadership the same thing?
What is the difference between leadership and management?

17. What are the key differences?
Is it possible to be a good leader and a good manager?

21. 2.2.3 Leadership styles (Management Styles)

22. Learning Outcomes
Features of the main leadership styles – autocratic, democratic and laissez faire
Recommend and justify an appropriate leadership style in a given situation.

23. Describe these leaders in one word.

28. Task
Before we talk about different leadership styles, fill out the ‘leadership styles questionnaire’….
What type of leader would you be?????

29. Three main Leadership Styles

30. Autocratic Leaders (Authoritarian)
In the autocratic style, the leader takes decisions without consulting with others.
The decision is made without any form of consultation.

31. Democratic Leaders
the leader involves the people in the decision-making, although the process for the final decision may vary from the leader having the final say to them facilitating consensus in the group.

32. Laissez Faire Leaders
The laissez-faire style is to minimize the leader's involvement in decision-making, and hence allowing people to make their own decisions, although they may still be responsible for the outcome.

33. Question…. What factors influence someone’s leadership style?
Will their leadership style always stay the same?

34. Factors affecting Leadership style
Nature of the task
Level of risk
Rate of change
Leadership Style
Personality
Skills of manager and the workforce
Time constraints

35. Who are you going to call? One or two styles may suit?
Leadership Styles
Who are you going to call? One or two styles may suit?
PROBLEM
STYLE 1
Employees are having serious problems getting the job done. They have not responded to your efforts to be friendly or to your invitations to get involved in discussions. 2
You are considering a major change in your program. Employees enjoy participating in the planning. 3
Employees are working with dangerous or delicate equipment that requires a definite set of procedures to operate. 4
Employees have pride in their work and the drive to it successfully on their own. 5
You want to encourage team building and participation. 6
Decision are easier and more cost-effective for the manager to make the decision. 7
Employees have lost interest in their work and are poorly motivated. 8
Employees need to understand certain standards or procedures.

36. Task
For each of the different leadership styles, write a list of conditions for when they would be most appropriate.