1. Warmup (5 minutes) *see if you can attack the following questions already!!!! 1) How many protons are there in 1 atom of sulfur? 2) Which if the following elements below has 24 protons? A. bismuth B. chromium C. cadmium D. All of these 3) How many neutrons are there in most boron atoms? 4) The atomic mass of an atom is mostly due to the mass of its: A. protons only B. neutrons only C. protons and neutrons D. protons and electrons E. none of the above

3. Analogy Football Field Outer Edge of Atom Nucleus The nucleus of the atom is TINY relative to the total volume of the atom, yet contains most of the mass!!!!!! 99.9% of the VOLUME of the atom is taken up by e- orbiting the empty space around the nucleus, while only 0.1% of volume is the nucleus 99.9% of the MASS of an atom is densely packed in the tiny nucleus, while the other 0.1% of the mass is from the mass of the electrons

4. Subatomic Particle MassElectric Charge LocationEffect of Adding or Removing Particle PROTON (p or +) ELECTRON (e-) NEUTRON (0 or n) Subatomic Particle Details

5. Subatomic Particle MassElectric Charge LocationEffect of Adding or Removing Particle PROTON (p or +) 1 amu or g/mole ELECTRON (e-) Zero; 1/2000 p & n NEUTRON (0 or n) 1 amu or g/mole Subatomic Particle Details 1 proton is actually 0.00000000000000000000000167 grams! 1 amu = 1.67 x 10 -24 grams

6. Subatomic Particle MassElectric Charge LocationEffect of Adding or Removing Particle PROTON (p or +) 1 amu or g/mole +1 ELECTRON (e-) Zero; 1/2000 p & n NEUTRON (0 or n) 1 amu or g/mole 0 Subatomic Particle Details

7. Subatomic Particle MassElectric Charge LocationEffect of Adding or Removing Particle PROTON (p or +) 1 amu or g/mole +1nucleus ELECTRON (e-) Zero; 1/2000 p & n in cloud around nucleus NEUTRON (0 or n) 1 amu or g/mole 0nucleus Subatomic Particle Details

8. Subatomic Particle MassElectric Charge LocationEffect of Adding or Removing Particle PROTON (p or +) 1 amu or g/mole +1nucleusnew element with new properties ELECTRON (e-) Zero; 1/2000 p & n in cloud around nucleus same element, but becomes an ion NEUTRON (0 or n) 1 amu or g/mole 0nucleussame element, different mass and stability-becomes an isotope Subatomic Particle Details

9. The PT shows the recipe for atoms of every element 11 electrons + + + + + + + + + + + 11 protons o oo o o oo o o o oo 12 neutrons Atomic # Average Atomic Mass 11 Na Sodium 22.99 (orbiting nucleus) Atoms have a neutral charge when the # of protons (+) = # of electrons (-) # protons = atomic # = element identity protons + neutrons = mass number

10. What happens if we: 1. Add 2 protons to O? - light for signs, nothing to breathe 2. Add 2 neutrons to O? - increase mass, less stable, radioactive - new isotope of oxygen 3. Add 2 electrons to O? - ion with -2 charge 8 O Oxygen 16.00 10 Ne Neon 20.18 Changing the contents of an atom

11. Practice ElementSymbol Atomic Number Mass Number # of Protons # of Neutrons # of Electrons 42 222HeHelium

12. What elements are these? These are all ISOTOPES: the same element (same # protons) but they are just different versions of that element (different number of neutrons). HYDROGEN-1HYDROGEN-2 HYDROGEN-3

13. isotope notation: Element Name Mass Number Atomic # # p & n # of protons # of electrons H 3

14. Practice Give the name for the isotope’s nucleus to the right. Include the mass number! ANSWER: