1. Solar Industry Overview Industry Funding (3-5) -- follow the money!
Major technologies (3-4)
Manufacturing process & challenges: quality & reliability (3)
Solar Value Chain (1)
Installations – residential and commercial (1-2)
Future System building and building integration (2-3)
Industry Funding (3-5) -- follow the money!
Competitive landscape
Industry Growth
Careers
Business Opportunities
Key players
Career paths (sample job description)
Salaries
Training Opportunities / Education seminars
What you might need

2. Alternative Energy Industry Overview
Include team member intro slide and an outline Where does solar fit in with other “clean” technologies? Have circle around PV, and solar is 1% of overall power generation

3. What are the physics behind the different solar technologies?

4. Solar PV Technologies
What types of technologies exist within the solar industry?

5. Solar Efficiency Efficiency
How well do each of the technologies work? Include efficiency on y-axis

6. Technological Comparison
Technology
Advantage
Disadvantage
c-Si
High efficiency
Abundance of material
High cost to manufacture
High cost of materials
a-Si
Low cost
Abundant and safe material
Low efficiency
Degrades with temperature increase
CIGS
Bandgap tunability
Scarcity of Indium
Cd is toxic
Reliability has not been tested
CdTe
Te is scarce
Concentrating solar
Takes up a lot of room
Transmission of energy over long distances
Why should you use one technology over another?

7. Solar Cell Construct-Silicon Based
Monocrystalline Si Cell
Amorphous Si Cell
What does a silicon solar cell look like?
Amorphous Si & Microcrystalline Cell

8. Silicon Solar Cell Manufacturing Flow
How is a silicon solar cell manufactured?

9. Thin Film Cell Construct
Cadmium Telluride/Cadmium Sulfide Cell
Copper Indium Selenide
Copper Indium Gallium Selenide

10. Thin Film Solar Cell Manufacturing Process
Process Step
Technology Used
TCO Deposition, Front and Scribing
Active Layer Deposition
Activation
Scribing and TCO Deposition, Back
Interconnect and Encapsulation
Sputtering and Laser
Co-evaporation or Sputtering or Ink Jet Printing or Electro deposition
Chemical Bath or PVD (Phys Vapor Dep)
Mechanical and Sputtering
Lamination
Annealing & Sulfurization or RTA
CdS Deposition
Substrate
Active layer
Sulfurization
CdS layer
Interconnect
Resulting Structure
TCO contact

11. Wafer Based PV Value Chain
Poly-Si Feedstock %
Ingot/Wafer Production 10%
Cell Production %
Module Assembly %
System Integration, Distribution and Installation 30%
Thin Film Based PV Value Chain
Glass Production %
Cell Production (CdTe, CIS) 20%
Module Assembly %
System Integration, Distribution and Installation 35%

12. Comparative Sample Calculation
Demographics
Home with 2000 square feet
Partitioned into living quarters for one family
And 2 separate master bedrooms for single occupants
No air conditioning
Composite roof
Facing south west, plenty of sunlight, no shading
Plenty of roof space for solar panels
Comparing Sharp, First Solar, BP Solar and Sunpower PV panel based installations
Simple calc, only used the expected AC savings, expected AC cost increases (at 2% and 5% per year rate assumptions), panel degradation and net of tax rebate costs used.
NOTE: Assumes CLEAN dust free sap free panels
CAUTION: Sales person my use 9% AC cost increases per year other inflation rate items and not take into account panel output degradation to show 2 or 3X the savings.
GOOD NEWS: up to 7600 pound of CO2 averted per year
These solar systems have 7 to 8 year to reach break even point and $28K to $45K savings in 18 years (18 years is PPA life and may be the “half life” for the Silcon based panels.)
May need to clean up this slide (lots of words)

13. Comparative ROI Calculation
Panel Type, Supplier
Sharp-PPA
Sharp
First Solar
BP Solar
SunPower
Model No.
ND-198U1F
FS-276
BP175
SP2-210
Cell Technology
Std Eff Silicon
Thin Film
CdS/CdTe
Hi Energy Mono Silicon
Area used on roof
Square Feet
246
402
221
214
System Rating
CEC A
C KWh
2.9
2.4
System Cost
$4,194 and $107/mo
$24,669
$20,439
$22,939
$28,148
Cost net Rebates
$4,194
$14,103
$10,660
$13,566
$16,626
Panel Degradation
In years
80% in 25 yrs
90% at 10 years, 80% at 25 years
90% at 12 years, 80% at 25 years
80% in 25 years
Degradation used in calculation
0.005 per year
0.008 per year
OTHER
MONITORING,
Buy out $13,195 at 5 years, $3,564 at 18 years/end
MONITORING
PREPAID RECYCLING, MONITORING
NONE, monitoring system not included
Ave AC Bill Monthly Savings
$152
$100
$120
$150
BREAK EVEN POINT
7 Years
8 Years
If 5% AC cost increase per year, savings at year 18
$13,196
$44,576
$28,454
$34,947
$43,843
If 2% AC cost increase per year, savings at year 18
$10,863
$36,692
$24,140
$28,767
$36,089
Installers, wearhousing, sales jobs – not a great deal of manufacturing jobs in this area

14. Think SOLAR System Integration
New Building Products
Walls
Windows
Roof systems
Lighting
Plumbing
Heating/Cooling
Flooring
Wall treatments
Window – shading
Siding
with Installation Systems

15. Beyond LEED Challenge For the Solar Community
System Analysis:
Think Beyond LEED Standards
Inside as Outside Environment
Explore nature’s technology
Dual, triple or quadruple solutions
Re-evaluate existing products
Think Beyond Building Integrated Photo Voltaics (BIPV)
Incorporate materials into “BEES”
(Building Envelope Energy Systems) for:
Heating + Ventilation
Plumbing
Electricity
Lighting
Living Building Challenge Petals Expand on LEED* Current Standards
*(Leadership in Energy & Environmental Design)
Beyond LEED Challenge For the Solar Community

16. Federal Funding
Business: Grants for offsetting 30% of the cost of installing a solar energy system
Instead of a tax credit
Large-scale solar plants, often developed to sell power to utilities, also are eligible
Applies only to systems installed in 2009 and 2010
Solyndra received $535M loan guarantee for DOE
Residential: 30% tax credit
Energy Policy Act of 2005

17. California Solar Initiative (CSI)
Part of “Go Solar California” campaign
$2.2B program
Rebates offered thru utilities (e.g. PG&E)
Aug. 2004: Million Solar Roofs program
3,000 MW goal
Jan. 2006: CPUC collaborated with Energy Commission
Developed framework for CSI thru 2016
Jan. 2007: New Solar Homes Partnership
Financial incentives & other support

18. VC Funding (Bay Area companies)
$M Company
300 Nanosolar
225 Solyndra
132 OptiSolar
115 BrightSource Energy
75 Recurrent Energy
61 Ausra
52 Calisolar
48 SoloPower
47 Solar Power Partners
30 GreenVolts
$M Company
29 Solar City
22 MiaSole
21 Cool Earth Solar
18 Solexant Corp.
18 Solar Junction
13 Twin Creek Tech
12 Sun Run
9 Stion Corp.
6 Tigo
3 Senergen
1236 Total VC
Source: Thomson Financial, based on 2008 financing

19. Solar System Benefits Example
If annual electric usage = 10,000 kWh ($2,430/yr.)
4,000 W system would lower cost to $464/yr.
Electric bill savings
Electric bill with solar system
Source: Sunwize Technologies, Inc.

20. Benefits of Solar System
Cost $32,000
Federal/State Tax Credit1 $7,926
State/Utility Rebate $5,580
Net Cost $18,494 (42% savings)
Cumulative Lifetime Savings2 $93,813 over 25 years
Investment Return %
1: Assumes uncapped residential tax credit which goes into effect January 1, 2009
2: CLS based on 5% annual electric bill escalation (~$49,000 if 0% escalation; 14.4% return)
Berkeley allows homeowners to borrow the cost of installation & pay annually
Source: Sunwize Technologies, Inc.

21. Career Options Process Engineer Systems Engineer
Educational requirement: Typically advanced degree in Chemical Engineering, Materials Science, or other related engineering disciplines
Experience with deposition techniques like CVD, and PVD
Systems Engineer
Educational requirement: BS/MS in Electrical Engineering
Understanding of control theory and power systems

22. Career Options System Installer
Educational requirements: NABCEP certification
The ability to climb a ladder and walk on a roof
Lots of other jobs like project managers, materials coordinators, SW engineers, Mechanical Engineers, …
Need some help from others that may have done those job functions

24. Examples of Thin Film Cells
Q-Cell
Q-Cell
Q-Cell
Q-Cell
Move to appendix
Q-Cell

25. Thin Film PV Companies in US
a-Si/Thin-Si
CdTe
CIGS
Applied Materials –CA
First Solar –OH
Global Solar –AZ
XsunX –CA
Solar Fields –OH
Miasole –CA
OptiSolar –CA
Xunlight 26 Solar –OH
ISET –CA
Signet Solar –CA
Primestar Solar –CO
Nanosolar –CA
Innovalight –CA
AVA Solar –CO
Solo Power –CA
Nanogram –CA
Nuvo Solar Energy –CO
Solyndra –CA
Soltaix –CA
Canrom –NY
Stion –CA
Sierra Solar Power –CA
Ascentool –CA
Energy PV –NJ
Uni-Solar –MI
Solexant –CA
RESI –NJ
Power Films –IA
Bloom Solar –CA
Ascent Solar –CO
Zia Watt Solar –TX
ITN/ES –CO
Nano PV –NJ
Sunovia –FL
Daystar –NY
MV Systems –CO
NewCve –GA
Heliovolt –TX
Proto Flex –CO
Ampulse –TN
Sort out by state/region