2. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org NIGERIAS STI SYSTEM: CURRENT STATUS, CHALLENGES AND POLICY REVISION Willie O. Siyanbola (PhD Sussex), FMSN, FSESN Director-General/CEO, NACETEM A Report Presented at the Regional Workshop on Capacity Building in STI Policy Reviews and S&T Statistics and Indicators for West Africa Bamako, Mali, 10 – 13 May 2010 1

3. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org NIGERIAN DELEGATION Willie O. Siyanbola – DG/CEO, NACETEM Dr Ijeoma Unaogu – Director, PRPA, FMST Dauda Abioye – PA to the PS, FMST Titilayo Tijani - PRPA, FMST David Adeyeye – Desk Officer, ASTII Nigeria 2

4. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org PRESENTATION OUTLINE Nigerias Facts File Overview of Nigerias NIS Reform of the Nigerias NIS – Major Challenges of STI System in Nigeria S&T Policy/S&T Policy Review Concluding Remarks 3

5. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org Nigeria – Some fact file Political Independence: 1960 Political Independence: 1960 Population: 140 million (2007) Population: 140 million (2007) Land area 923,000 sq km Land area 923,000 sq km Governance Structure: Presidential System Governance Structure: Presidential System No of States: 36 + FCT No of States: 36 + FCTEconomy 6th largest oil producer (OPEC) 6th largest oil producer (OPEC) GDP per capita: US$ 2660 GDP per capita: US$ 2660 Literacy: 70.7% Literacy: 70.7% Telecom Subscribers: 74m (2009) Telecom Subscribers: 74m (2009) Tele-density: 42% (2009) Tele-density: 42% (2009) External reserves: US$41b External reserves: US$41b Consumer Inflation: 11.8% Consumer Inflation: 11.8% Graduate Unemployment: 35- 40% (2005) Graduate Unemployment: 35- 40% (2005) Nigeria A BRIEF ABOUT NIGERIA

6. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org NIGERIAS NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM (NIS) 5

7. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org NIS: ADOPTED DEFINITION The NIS is the network of institutions in the public and private sectors whose activities and interactions initiate, import, modify and diffuse new technologies. (Freeman, 1987) 6

8. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org 7 IndustrialProduction EducationandResearch Finance Venture Fund Policy Instruments Venture Fund Brokerage, Interface, Bridging Institution s Government Policy Instruments IndustrialProduction EducationandResearch Finance Venture Fund Policy Instruments Venture Fund Brokerage, Interface, Bridging Institution s Government Policy Instruments Adapted from Tiffin,1997 Structure of Interactions Among Elements of NIS of NIS

9. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org ELEMENTS OF NIGERIAS NIS Funding Bank of Industry (BOI) Nigeria Agricultural, Cooperative and Rural Development Bank (NACRDB) Micro Finance Banks Government Agencies Development Partners? Industry Manufacturers Association of Nigeria (MAN) NACCIMA National Association of Small and Medium Scale Entrepreneurs (NASME) Small and Medium Industries Equity Investment Scheme (SMEIS): The Informal Sector Education and Research Research institutes Universities Polytechnics/Monotechnics Policy and Regulations Government (Federal & States) FMST (Agencies) Diaspora (???)

10. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org 104 Universities 66 Polytechnics 52 Monotechnics About 75 Research Institutes 9 HEIs AND RIs: CURRENT STATUS

11. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org 10 DISTRIBUTION OF HEIs AND RIs IN NIGERIA

12. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org DEPARTMENTS STATE S&T MINISTRIES FEC PRESIDENCY NIGERIA S&T MGT STRUCTURE FMST NATIONAL ASSEMBLY 21RESEARCH AGENCIES AND PARASTATALS NCST

13. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org MAIN INSTITUTIONS INVOLVED IN S&T POLICY IN NIGERIA The Federal Ministry of Science and Technology (FMST) National Council on S&T National Assembly Committees on S&T States Ministries and Houses of Assemblies Research institutes and academia National Planning Commission (???) National Centre for Technology Management(NACETEM)

14. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org REFORM OF NIGERIAS NIS 13

15. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org WHY REFORM? Lack of policy implementation and continuity Weak STI Support Infrastructure Under-Funding of Research Activities in Nigerian Universities/Allied Institutions Poor Motivation of Scientists and Engineers Inadequate manpower (number/quality) Weak Linkage between Research centres/universities and Productive Sector 14

16. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org BACKGROUND TO REFORM OF STI SYSTEM President Olusegun Obasanjo, in 1999, requested UNESCO for a Special Cooperation Programme between Nigeria and UNESCO. The reform of Nigerias STI system was the major element of the science component of the FMST-UNESCO Programme The aim of the reform is mainstreaming the utilization of S&T in national economic and development policy. Funding for the FMST-UNESCO Programme (USD 1m) – Japanese Government (USD 500,000) – Nigerian Government (USD 500,000) 15

17. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org OUTCOME OF THE STI SYSTEM REFORM A thorough review of all of the functions of Nigerias National System of Innovation. A program of in-depth reviews of STI programs in government institutes and research universities; Development of a proposal for a financing system for science and technology in Nigeria; A review of the needs for STI in Nigerias private sector in the light of increasing globalization; 16

18. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org OUTCOME OF THE STI SYSTEM REFORM A human resource development program in STI management; A program on development and management of STI indicators, and communication systems for science; A program to strengthen Nigerias infrastructure in the area of standards and metrology; A review of the countrys system for the protection of intellectual property; and A review of Nigerias participation in regional and international scientific activities. 17

19. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org REVIEW OF THE NATIONAL POLICY ON S&T 18 Utilizing STI for Development (c) 2010 W. O. Siyanbola dg.ceo@nacetem.org

20. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org HISTORY OF NIGERIAS S&T POLICY 19 The first National Science and Technology Policy in Nigeria was produced in 1986 under the leadership of Prof. E. U. Emovon The second policy was produced in 1997 under the leadership of the HMST, Major-General Sam. I. Momah Another attempt was made in 2000/2001 under the leadership of the HMST, Prof. Turner T. Isoun. – Led to a compilation of sub-sectoral S&T policies in 2003 The Review of the National S&T Policy has been assigned to NACETEMs as a key project since 2009 (on-going). Revised version expected to be ready by September, 2010

21. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org NIGERIAS S&T POLICY REVIEW: WHY? 20 The present policy has been existing since 1997 and therefore needs to be reviewed. There has not been any systematic performance evaluation of the extant S&T policy. Urgent need to Integrate the lessons/outcomes of the S&T reform in a revised policy There is a need to harmonize S&T policy with the national economic policy and strategy; now dubbed as the Vision 20:2020

22. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org CURRENT STATUS OF S&T POLICY IN NIGERIA The last S&T Policy was reviewed in 1997 There was no legal framework for the 1997 policy 2003 S&T policy was a compilation of key sub- sectoral policies Efforts by FMST (through NACETEM) to review the 1997 policy now on-going

23. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org POLICY REVIEW: MAIN ACTIVITIES Lessons learnt from other countries Sensitisation workshop among key stakeholders in Lagos and Abuja. performance evaluation of the existing S&T policy. Harmonization of the new policy with other sectors policy by convening a stakeholders meeting of the elements of the National Innovation System (NIS). Presentation of the new policy to the National Assembly/ FEC for approval Enactment of the policy into law. 22

24. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org POLICY REVIEW: KEY PARAMETERS 1. Policy Process - Invitees, Awareness, medium of awareness, Adequacy, Acceptance, Adoption, equity, Literacy, relevancy and Priorities, suitability of environment 2. Institutional Frameworks - established institutions to implement policy, capabilities, Technological assessment, capabilities 3. Funding / Investment in S&T - Source of funding, Utilization of Fund Given, Infrastructure development, HRD, capital Productivity 4. Policy Environment - The effects of environmental factors on S&T 5. Policy Implementation Process - Policy Implementation in sectors / organisations and nation at large 4. Impact of the policy - sectoral impact, citizens, economy etc. 23

25. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org CONCLUDING REMARKS: BEYOND THE REFORM Establishment of the National Research and Development Coordinating Council (NRDCC) Establishment of the National Science and Technology Fund (NSTF) to adequately support R&D in Nigeria Strengthening of the FMST to coordinate, monitor and evaluate performance of key S&T institutions/policy Stable STI Policy/implementation 24

26. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org BRIEF ON NACETEM Capacity Building & Policy Studies in STI Mgt – 120 full time staff – 7 PhDs in S&T Management/Policy – Over 25 Associate Resource persons from Universities & Captains of Industry 4 Zonal offices (2 others to be established) spread across the country Institutional collaborations: UNU MERIT, SPRU etc. 25

27. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE

28. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE (COMPLETED IN 2010) Front View of Admin Block Side View of Admin Block Front View of 500-Seater Auditorium Interior View of 500-Seater Auditorium

29. dg.ceo@nacetem.org © NACETEM 2010 NACETEM…Managing Technology for Sustainable Development www.nacetem.org THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION 28