2.  Bonds of Water- strong › Can break into hydrogen ion (H + ) and hydroxide ion (OH - ) H 2 O  H + + OH -

3.  Compounds that form hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

4.  Low concentration of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions › Present in equal numbers › Water is neutral pH

5.  Properties of Acids › Corrosive  Burns your skin › Sour taste  Lemons, vinegar › Turns blue litmus paper to red color  Examples of Acids › Carbonic Acid in soft drinks (i.e. soda) › Stomach Acid › Lemon Juice

6.  Compounds that reduce the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution  Form hydroxide ions when dissolved in water (OH - )

7.  Properties of Bases › Corrosive › Soapy feel › pH more than 7 › Turns red litmus paper to a blue color  Examples of Bases › Bleach, some soaps, some cleaning agents › Ammonia › Seawater › Blood

8.  pH scale is based on the concentration of hydrogen ions in solutions  All solutions have a pH value between 0 and 14 › Pure water, pH= 7 › Acids, pH <7 › Bases, pH>7

9. pHExample Acids0HCl 1Stomach acid 2Lemon juice 3Vinegar 4Soda 5Rainwater 6Milk Neutral7Pure water Bases8Egg whites 9Baking soda 10Tums ® antacid 11Ammonia

10.  pH meter pH meter