Munitions Support Structure Overview

ANA Corps Support Battalion (CSB) and Combat Service Support (CSS) Training

Munitions Support Structure Overview
Ref. ANA Decree1-4.5

Munitions Support Structure Overview
Terminal Learning Objective 1: The student will understand the structure, organization, and responsibilities of the ANA Staff and their responsibilities for providing required ammunition and explosives to the Corps, Brigades, and Kandaks

Ammunition Program Manager
Enabling Learning Objective 1: Understand the roles and functions MoD Ammunition Program Manager Single manager responsible for ammunition acquisition strategy. This includes: Procurement – Obtaining (buying, etc.) the total amount of ammunition and explosives required for the ANA

Ammunition Program Manager (con’t)
Distribution – Insuring the division and delivery of ammunition and explosives to the correct units. – Cross leveling of ammunition within the ANA to meet operational requirements

Maintenance – Insures the necessary maintenance policy is defined and implemented within the ANA. Maintenance of munitions includes all actions necessary to ensure stocks are and remain serviceable and unserviceable stocks are restored to a serviceable condition. Surveillance – Defines the policies and requirements for the ammunition surveillance program

Surveillance is the observation, inspection, and classification of ammunition and components during movement, storage, and maintenance operations. Also covers inspection equipment, facilities, and operations. Surveillance activities are conducted by all military activities that store, maintain, dispose of, or transport ammunition.

Budget – Establishing the costs necessary to purchase and maintain the ammunition and explosives required for the ANA. The budget is an estimate of the cost to purchase and maintain stocks based on usage, training, contingencies, and war reserves requirements. The costs of requirements are estimated and this estimate is presented to the MoD as the budget.

Chief of Operations, G3 Enabling Learning Objective 2:
Understand the function and roles of the of the Chief of Operations, G3 Develop, document, and manage a system to determine ammunition requirements. Coordinates with the G-4 to develop the total ammunition needs for ANA

Chief of Operations, G3 The G-3 compares the total, unrestricted ammunition requirements and compares them against total ammunition assets available (on hand or expected) to develop the controlled supply rate (CSR). The G3 approves emergency requests and passes the requirement to the General Staff.

Chief of Operations, G3 (con’t)
The G-3 computes the required supply rate (RSR) and routing. The G4 may be called on to assist in the development process even thought it is not a logistics function.

The G-3 establishes the controlled supply rate (CSR) based on the amount of munitions available for issue. The CSR is the rate of ammunition consumption that can be supported by the MoD, considering availability, facilities, and transportation.

The corps commander determines who receives the ammunition and the CAO informs the G3 of the quantity available. Establishes the unit basic load for each type of weapon in the ANA.

Chief of Logistics, G4 Enabling Learning Objective 3:
Understand the function and roles of the Chief of Logistics, G4 Provide management oversight of ammunition control and use Support G-3 in plan development and operations for ammunition support Establish standards and procedures that account, protect, and conserves ammunition stocks.

Chief of Logistics, G4 (con’t)
Manages approved basic load issue, maintenance, and accountability. Supports and assists the G-3 in computing and routing RSR and the CSR. These are not normally logistics functions, but the G-3 may request assistance in the development process.

Chief of Logistics, G4 (con’t)
Coordinates priorities and allocation of ammunition with the logistics command for ammunition. Coordinate with the S3/S4s and Corps Ammunition Officers to ensure forecast quantities are not excessive and that the correct historical data were used when computing the next fiscal year requirements.

Corp Commanders and Staff
Enabling Learning Objective 4: Understand the function and roles of the separate Corp Commanders and Staff Establish necessary standards and procedures to that accounts, protects, safeguards, and conserves ammunition stocks under his command.

Corp Commanders and Staff (con’t)
Develop tactical commanders that will insure ammunition is used as intended, accounted for, and protected at all levels within the Corps AOR The corps commander determines who receives ammunition that is in short supply The corps commanders and above have the authority to order the emergency destruction of ammunition.

Corp Commanders and Staff (con’t)
Emergency destruction of ammunition prevents the ammunition from being captured by enemy forces The intent of emergency destruction is to render the ammunition unserviceable Will implement policies and procedures for operational and training ammunition within his operational control The corps commander may authorize relaxation of storage compatibility requirements

Ammo Distribution and Movement

Ammunition Distribution
Terminal learning Objective 2: The student will understand the concept of support and the flow of ammunition and explosives within the ANA Enabling Learning Objective: 1 - 3 Understand how the MoD will provide ammunition and explosives to the field soldier.

Ammunition Distribution (con’t)
Concept of Support – Distribution is to: Fixed regional /corps ammunition depots for further distribution to the user for unit consumption. Directly to assigned brigade logistics battalion transfer depot for operations and combat support. The battalion supply company then releases ammunition to the using unit.

Depots: Normal, peacetime operation of ammunition and explosives distribution system requires unit basic loads and forward positioning of stocks to meet the initial war time requirements of units assigned in the area until routine resupply is established from the national level.

Ammunition depots push munitions forward on the battlefield. The corps ammunition depot maintains stocks of ammunition forecasted for training support, as well as unit basic loads approved by the General Staff for unit consumption until normal distribution is available to sustain combat operations.

The munitions distribution system includes all supply activities needed to provide munitions to the supported units. Munitions requirements from combat battalions and brigades proceed through the materiel management channels of the corps until they reach the national ammunition depot.

The national ammunition depot, corps ammunition depots, and ammunition transfer depots constitute the ammunition distribution system.

The ATD is a distribution point for ammunition for brigade units and a collection point for retrograde ammunition, captured enemy ammunition, excess ammunition, and packing and preservation materiel.

Object of the munitions distribution system is to provide munitions at the right time, place, and quantity to ensure the success of an operation. Munitions planning and operations must be versatile. The objective is supporting as far forward as possible

Ammunition Movement Terminal Learning Objective:
Understand distribution and movement of ammunition within the ANA Enabling Learning Objectives: Understand the requirements for the Logistics command Understand which locations are to receive the ammunition. Understand the requirements for coordination and information passing among all organizations involved.

Ammunition Movement (con’t)
Logistics Command transports and delivers ammunition and explosives to units not in the immediate vicinity of the logistics command national ammunition depot The ammunition is pushed forward The Logistics Command is responsible for picking up, tie down and securing, and convoy security to the drop point; either the CAD or the ATD

Issues of materiel are transported and delivered to either the corps ammunition depot (CAD) or the brigade logistics battalion ammunition transfer depot (ATD) The normal flow is to the CAD The CAD then distributes within the corps according to operational needs Delivery made to the brigade normally is for emergencies or in response to a rapid operational development

The corps and brigade ammunition officers will coordinate the decisions of the G-3/S-3 for allocation and priority of issue to supported units The flow of ammunition to the appropriate units requires the corps and brigade commanders to know and understand the intent and requirements of the G3 This will insure the appropriate units receive their allocations and enable them to complete their operational requirements

Ammo Storage Facilities and Categories

ANA ammunition depots Terminal Learning Objective 3:
The student will understand the types of ammunition depots, the threes levels of support, and their primary role in ammunition support for the ANA.

ANA ammunition depots (con’t)
Enabling Learning Objective 1: Understand the composition and mission of the ANA ammunition depots An efficient system of distribution of ammunition and explosives relies on the national ammunition depot.

There are three types of ammunition storage facilities in the ANA: The National Ammunition Depot (NAD), the Corps Ammunition Depot (CAD), and the Ammunition Transfer Depot (ATD) The NAD is the first recipient of ammunition received in country destined for the ANA.

The National Ammunition Depot (NAD) is under the Command of MoD Logistics Command. It receives stores, issues and arranges delivery of ammunition and explosives as requested by using units and as directed by plans of the General Staff.

National Depot: The national depot plans the mission of the ammunition organization They are: retrograde activities; ammunition inspection, processing, shipping, receiving, repackaging, and maintenance

They collect and inspect captured enemy ammunition They also advise AMoD ATL, and GS CoL on MoD wide ammunition policy, and establishing ammunition supply and maintenance procedures consistent with the policies and directives of the MoD.

Corps Ammunition Depot: The Corps has a fixed base ammunition depot that stores allocated ammunition to support war, operations, and contingencies and training requirements.

The CAD provides ammunition to and receives ammunition from all of its brigades. The CAD receives from and turns in it in to the NAD. The CAD serves the role of a middle man

Ammunition Transfer Depot: The ATD is the individual brigade’s ammunition supply point. It is highly mobile and is a distribution point for ammunition for the brigade units and a collection point for retrograde ammunition, captured enemy ammunition, excess ammunition, and packing and preservation materiel. The brigade ATD is managed by a section in the supply company of the logistics Kandak.

The ATD is a mobile (not fixed) storage site and can change locations with minimal notice. This supports the brigade mission of a highly mobile unit. The ATD moves with the Brigade is not considered a storage depot because of its temporary nature.

The national ammunition depot, corps ammunition depots, and ammunition transfer depots constitute the ammunition distribution system. The ATD is the individual brigade’s ammunition supply point.

The depots receive, store, issue and maintain ammunition stocks and ship munitions to the for issue to combat units. The mission of the depots is to: Maintain accountability and security of the assigned ammunition Stores. Maintain the ammunition in a serviceable, ready to deliver condition at all times

Accept field returns of excess or captured ammunition Maintain packing and preservation materials in order to repair and repack damaged shipping crates Receipt for ammunition from both upper and lower units Maintain an accurate accounting system for ammunition under their control Push ammunition forward

Enabling Learning Objectives 2-4: Understand the description and structure of the National Ammunition Depot (NAD). Understand the description and structure of the Corps Ammunition Depot (CAD). Understand the description and structure of the Ammunition Transfer Depots (ATD).

The mission of the NAD is to provide command and control over the national level stocks of ANA ammunition. The NAD is responsible for national level ammunition storage and distribution operations. All ammunition entering the country goes to the NAD for national level receipt and accountability.

The NAD enters the new ammunition into national the data base. Plans the push forward of ammunition to the CADs and the ATDs The MoD Logistics Command manages NAD

NAD operations are to receive, store, issue, account, transport, maintain, receive, retrograde, and destroy ammunition in support of the ANA requirements nation wide. The national ammunition depot is responsible for the ammunition surveillance program. NAD defines and develops the requirements for ammunition surveillance under guidance of the Logistics Command.

Any extensive ammunition maintenance is performed at the NAD maintenance depot facility Under combat conditions the NAD can operate from forward locations outside of fixed facilities to provide support to the corps. This is a contingency mission.

Understand the description and structure of the Corps Ammunition Depot (CAD). CAD manages corps ammunition supply operations – They provide operational support, receive, store, issue, account, maintain, and retrograde corps ammo assets in compliance with national and corps allocation and priorities.

Provide periodic ammunition status to chain of command. CADs manage stockpiles and coordinate with their supporting depot organizations to ensure enough ammunition is on hand and serviceable to support ammunition operational and basic load requirements Each corps has a fixed location ammunition and explosives depot, CAD.

Primary responsibilities of the CAD are to: provide safe and secure storage for ammunition and explosives stocks it has on hand store and account for unit basic loads and operational stocks positioned forward of the NAD.

They support normal operations for training of corps units, account for all ammunition and explosives received and issued, and support ATDs of the logistical Kandaks assigned to the corps The support includes shipments directly from the national ammunition depot to brigade logistical battalion’s conducting field operations or combat

Under combat conditions corps ammunition depot can operate from forward locations outside of fixed facilities to provide adequate support to the brigades.

The corps ammunition depot (CAD) provides formal stock record accountability and request support for its own and the ATDs. The CAD maintains stocks of ammunition forecasted for training support, as well as unit basic loads approved by the General Staff for unit consumption until normal distribution is available to sustain combat operations.

Operational stocks of ammunition are stored forward to meet immediate needs of impending operations. This allows the units to establish the uninterrupted flow of ammunition. Unit (brigade) basic loads are issued to the associated unit but stored in the corps ammunition depot

The CAD provides a fixed base linkage between the brigade logistics Kandaks CADs receive, store, issue, and maintain a one to three days of supply for corps use Stockage levels are based on tactical plans, availability of ammunition, and the threat to the resupply operation

CADs are normally located to the rear of corps area of operations. The CAD is the corps fixed base ammunition depot that stores allocated ammunition to support war, operations, and contingencies and training requirements.

Understand the description and structure of the Ammunition Transfer Depots (ATD). The ATD is a designated temporary site where ammunition is transferred from logistics command transportation to supported unit vehicles.

The ATD is normally located in the brigade area and is operated by the brigade logistics battalion supply company Each brigade of the corps has a logistical battalion for support. In each logistical battalion is an ATD. The ATD operates from temporary field locations and extends the ammunition delivery system forward of the CAD. The CAD provides formal stock record accountability and requests support for the ATD.

ANA Ammunition Depots (con’t)
The ammunition transfer depot is not considered a storage depot because of its temporary nature. ATDs are the most mobile and responsive of the munitions supply depots. The NAD and CADs deliver ammunition to the ATD using logistics command transportation assets.

Ammunition is kept loaded on trailers until ATD personnel issue and/or transload it to supported unit vehicles. Ammunition can be transferred immediately to using unit tactical vehicles or it can be grounded in the ATD area. The mission of each ATD is to provide 100 percent of the ammunition required by all units in the sector.

Command and Support Relationships
for Ammo Ref. ANA Decree1-4.5

Command and Support Relationships for Ammo
Terminal Learning Objective: The student will understand the relationship among the various ammunition supporting organizations and the support each will provide.

Command and Support Relationships for Ammo
Enabling Learning Objectives: Understand the responsibilities and functions of the Corps Ammunition Officer in the G-4. Understand the Brigade S-3’s ammunition supporting role. Understand the Brigade S-4’s role in managing ammunition for the Brigade. Understand the roles and responsibilities of the ammunition section of the supply company and the management of the ATD.

Command and Support Relationships for Ammo (con’t)
Enabling Learning Objective 1: Understand the responsibilities and functions of the G-4 Corps Ammunition Officer (CAO). The CAO receives mission guidance and responds to the priorities established by the Ammunition PM and the MoD Logistics Ammunition Officer

CAO in the Corps G-4 section manages ammunition for the Corps and all subordinate units. The CAO is in charge of and directs the munitions supply section.

The CAOs mission includes: Responsibility for ammunition supply and resupply for all units operating in the corps area of operations. Representing the corps commander and G-4 on all ammunition related matters. Maintaining liaison with the national ammunition depot and with ammunition staff officers at the General Staff G-3 & G-4.

The Corps Ammunition Officer and G-4 actively manage ammunition basic load requirements and coordinate with the NAD

Enabling Learning Objectives 2-3: Understand the Brigade S-3’s ammunition supporting role Understand the Brigade S-4’s role in managing ammunition for the Brigade.

Each supported unit requests ammunition by consolidating its on-hand quantities and sending its report to the brigade supply officer (S4), with information copies to the brigade commander and operations and training officer (S3) The support operations officer, with guidance from the brigade S3 and S4, informs the CAO about the brigade's CSR breakout and unit priority of munitions resupply

The brigade S3 and S4 ammunition responsibilities include: Determining consolidated brigade RSR and submitting it to the corps G3 and CAO. Allocating received CSR among subordinate units.

Determining the best location for the Brigade Support Area (BSA). Determining brigade ammunition requirements based on input from subordinate battalions and knowledge of upcoming tactical operations. Coordinating an issue schedule with the logistics battalion support operations office and ATD.

Providing a unit issue priority list to the CAO. Forwarding the consolidated unit ammunition requirements to the CAO. Providing subordinate battalion S4s with their allocations of the brigade CSR. This information is also provided to the CAO representative so battalion units do not exceed their authorizations when transloading at the ATD.

Enabling Learning Objective 4: Understand the roles and responsibilities of the ammunition section of the supply company and the management of the ATD. The ammunition section of the logistics battalion supply company operates the brigade ATD in the BSA. It provides area support to other units in the Brigade.

Each ATD has a CAO representative assigned to control the flow of ammunition. The ammunition section inspects, inventories, and signs for the shipment when munitions arrive at the ATD The ATD returns the signed MoD ANA Form 9 shipping document to the originating depot.

The CAO representative forwards a copy of the receipt document to the CAD. The brigade S4 coordinates with the logistics battalion support operations officer to establish an issue schedule. Supported units submit ammunition requests and on arrival at the ATD they have been authenticated by the battalion S4. The CAO representative at the ATD validates the request and issues the unit its Ammunition.

The unit assumes accountability when the ammunition is issued and uses its own transportation assets to move the ammunition forward. The ATD also has the responsibility to receive ammunition turn ins in from supported units. This will be unused operational and captured ammunition.

Corps and brigade commanders allocate available resources to assist in securing ammunition; however, the CAD and ATD commanders remain responsible for the security of their operations.

Supply Support for Ammunition
at the ATD Ref. ANA Decree1-4.5

Supply Support for Ammunition
Terminal Learning Objective: Understand the functions and roles of the Ammunition Transfer Depot (ATD).

Supply Support for Ammunition (con’t)
Enabling learning Objectives 1-3: Understand the organization of the ATD within the Brigade Supply Company Understand the responsibilities of the ATD Understand how the ammunition is managed in the ATD

The ATD is a designated temporary site in the brigade AO where munitions are transferred from logistics command transportation to supported unit vehicles. It is located in the brigade operational area, is operated by the brigade logistics battalion supply company ammunition section, and is highly mobile.

It is the distribution point for ammunition for brigade units and a collection point for retrograde ammunition captured enemy ammunition, excess ammunition, and packing and preservation material. The ATD operates from field locations and extends the ammunition system forward of the CAD.

The corps ammunition depot (CAD) provides formal stock record accountability and request support for the ATD. The mission of each ATD is to provide 100 percent of the ammunition required by all supported units in its sector. ATD’s are located in each brigade support area (BSA).

Terminal learning Objective: Understand the flow of munitions through the ATD Enabling Learning Objectives: Understand how munitions are delivered to the ATD Understand the operations of the ATD Understand the reporting requirements of the ATD Understand the role of the Corps Ammunition Officer representative in the ATD

Ammunition is kept loaded on vehicles/trailers until ATD personnel transload it to supported unit vehicles when possible. The ammunition can be transferred immediately to using unit tactical vehicles or grounded in place, if necessary. Munitions are transported to the ATD storage location by the logistics command.

Several factors determine the quantity of munitions moved forward to the ATD These factors are: Quantity of munitions on hand Current and projected consumption Available transportation Available personnel and equipment

The preferred method of munitions resupply is to deliver as far forward as possible. The CAO determines the munitions status of the brigade ATDs in the corps. The ammunition section of the logistics battalion supply company operates the brigade ATD in the BSA.

The CAO representative at the ATD validates all ammunition requests. The receiving unit assumes accountability when issued and uses its transportation assets to move the ammunition forward. Logistics Battalion ATD controls the transfer of ammunition from logistical transport to unit transport or the temporary storage site.

Establishment of an Ammunition
Transfer Depot Ref. ANA Decree1-4.5

Establishing an Ammunition Transfer Depot (ATD)
Terminal learning Objective: Understand the set up and operation of a Kandak Ammunition Transfer Depot (ATD)

Establishing an Ammunition Transfer Depot (ATD) (con’t)
Enabling Learning Objectives: Selecting the appropriate location to establish the ATD Establishing the ATD area perimeter Establishing the working areas of the ATD Preparing the ATD to receive incoming shipments Establishing the receiving/inspection area Establishing the transload area

Enabling Learning Objectives (con’t): Establishing the storage area Establishing the shipping area MHE park area Defining requirements for temporary storage Establishing the accounting section area

The ATD: There are three types of storage areas which may be used for an ATD field storage. 1. Area storage 2. Roadside storage 3. Combination area/roadside storage

Selection: Based on the operational needs of the Battalion and the Brigade. Should be physically located an area close to but not adjacent or in the battalion operational area.

A primary and an alternate site should be selected. Alternate sites provide relocation options in case the primary site is unavailable for operational reasons, or there is a need for evacuating the primary site.

Primary site selection considerations are for: Security – Of the immediate area and the surrounding areas Time – To construct and occupy Hostile Activity - in the area Vehicle movement through the ATD – Managing the flow of traffic through the ATD

Available working space Concealment – Of the mission and stocks Ease of operational use – How easy or difficult is it to operate the ATD

The selection process should consider all of the above with the appropriate operational weight placed on each factor – It will be a mix of the factors of varying weight

The Site: The outer perimeter of the ATD should be clearly defined and visible to all operators. It should be identified by concertina wire, engineer tape, or other devices.

Guard posts must be identified. The personnel and vehicle entry control points must be established. Once the perimeter is established, the individual working areas must be established.

The working areas of the ATD are: the records section the receiving/inspection area the transload area convoy assembly area the maintenance/repair area equipment storage area segregation area salvage area firefighting equipment points storage areas.

The storage areas will consist of loaded trailers and/or ground storage pits. The commander has the authority to waive restrictions depending on the local situation and conditions.

The ATD is a temporary storage location, however as much as operationally possible the safety requirements for storage must be complied with at all times. The process flow for delivery and issue of ammunition through the ATD, once established, should be written (SOP, Op Ord, etc.) and made available to the ATD operators and the Battalion staff.

For field storage munitions are segregated into primary storage categories. The categories have similar explosive characteristics Categories are based on the need to store complete rounds components in adjacent stacks and for the associated hazards of explosive propagation, fragment range, and fire.

The field storage categories simplify field storage compatibility requirements while maintaining an appreciable safety level. The categories are: Category A. Fixed and semifixed artillery munitions, except incendiary and chemical Category B. Propelling charges, fuses, primers, flash reducers and separate loading artillery projectiles except incendiary and chemical projectiles

Category C. Mortar ammunition and hand grenades, except incendiary and chemical. Category D. All pyrotechnics and chemical ammunition, including chemical filled rockets; gas, smoke, and incendiary bombs; gas and smoke artillery ammunition; incendiary and chemical grenades; smoke pots; bulk-packed incendiary and small arms tracer cartridges.

Category E. Demolition explosives, antitank and antipersonnel mines, and components (i.e., blasting caps, firing devices, detonating cord, and safety fuse). Category F. Rockets, rocket motors, and rifle grenades. Storage of ammunition should comply with the field storage categories. Variations can be made for operational necessity only with the approval of the unit Commander.

Ammunition loaded/stored on vehicles and trailers or stored on the ground must be done with the proper categories considered. This means like categories must stored together on trailers and in stacks on the ground.

There should be 20 meters separation between stacks on the ground. The trucks/trailers should be separated be a distance, if possible. Drainage channels should provide for water run off around the stacks .

Earthen walls should be constructed around the stack to prevent explosive propagation to the next stack in case of hostile attack, fire, or accident that ignites a stack. When possible, quantities of each type of ammunition should be stored in two or three widely separated sections The ammunition stored in trucks/trailers should remain loaded, tied down, and ready for immediate movement while in the ATD.

If a vehicle load must be broken down, it should be done according to need and then immediately tied down for rapid movement. Ground stacks should be placed on pallets or dunnage to prevent sitting on bare ground.

Practical Exercise: Terminal learning Objective: Establish and operate a Kandak ATD in a field environment

Practical Exercise (con’t): Enabling Learning Objectives: 1. Define the requirements for an ATD 2. Determine location based on requirements 3. Lay out the design of the ATD 4. Prepare site 5. Set up security

Practical Exercise (con’t): Enabling Learning Objectives (con’t): 6. Establish entry control 7. Move and place the ammunition 8. Establish records area 9. Establish emergency procedures 10. Begin operation of the ATD

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The ATD: There are there are three types of temporary storage for the ATD which may be used. They are: 1. Area storage. 2. Roadside storage. 3. Combination area/roadside storage.

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The ATD OIC must decide which type best accomplishes the mission need. For this exercise we will establish the combination area and road side.

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The OIC will give his team member all of the requirements for the operation of the ATD. This will include: The amount and type of ammunition to be held The expected delivery schedule times and types of ammunition they will process

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The expected time they will occupy the area Any known and upcoming missions Known and expected threats in the area of operation. Expected weather conditions and changes

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Based with this information the team will: Recon the surrounding area Determine the best location available within the area constraints Lay out the ATD on paper

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Determine the staging area for the roadside vehicles Determine the layout of the grounded ammunition and where it will be staged Determine location of the entry control point Determine the location of the records section Determine the location of the firefighting points

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Determine guard posts Determine configuration of the ammunition storage in terms of field storage categories Obtain the approval of the ATD OIC

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The ATD OIC will discuss the ATD layout with the Supply Officer and the Kandak Commander and obtain approval and/or make any necessary changes.

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The ATD OIC will provide the information to his team and begin the set up of the ATD The figure on the next slide provides the set up of a typical ATD in the Kandak support area. It is not intended to be a stand alone mission and must receive external support as needed.

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The general flow of set up work will be to: Identify the ground and area Identify the ground and area Lay the perimeter identifier (concertina wire, engineer tape, etc.)

Sandbagged Storage Pits
GP FFP MHE holding area FFP Admin Tent GP FFP ECP Sandbagged Storage Pits GP Vehicles FFP GP FFP Salvage Point GP FFP FFP FFP GP GP FFP

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The general flow of set up work will be to (con’t): Establish the ECP and guard posts and orders Prepare the roadside area for vehicle parking Prepare the ground for ammunition pits Build the earthworks for the pits

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The general flow of set up work will be to: (con’t) Establish the MHE holding area Establish the admin area Establish the FFPs Establish ECP and EC procedures and a guard schedule. Move and place the ATD ammunition stocks

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Prior to ATD operation the team must: Establish the local ammunition inventorying, accounting and, documenting procedures Establishing the proper storage configuration for the stocks using the proper field storage categories Establishing the process for reporting to the CAO Establish convoy processing for the ATD

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Establish the issue / turn in process Establishing a load vehicle inspection Establishing the plans for ATD movement to another operational area Establishing plans for the rapid evacuation of the ATD

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Establish a plan for the emergency destruction of the ATD stocks and insuring the required demo material is on hand Establish a fire fighting plan

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Establish a maintenance / housekeeping process and schedule Establish procedures for the operation of the salvage point Document the above in an SOP or similar document

Practical Exercise: (con’t) The routine operation of the ATD must include: Update briefings on the status and mission for the ATD Update the admin records on any changes in the ammunition inventory Guard mount and relief processes Performing maintenance and housekeeping

Practical Exercise: (con’t) Periodic inspections of the ammunition stocks for proper storage and for packaging deterioration Conducting inventories of the ammunition stocks Exercising the evacuation procedures Exercising the emergency destruction procedures

Forecasting and Budgeting

The Ammunition Program Manager is the only agency authorized to commit the Ministry of Defense to allocate funds for ammunition procurement and acquisition Forecasting: Forecasting is the consolidation of projected requirements from each of the tactical units Annually the General Staff will provide the APM a forecast of needs for the following year These needs are categorized into training, war reserve, operational, and contingency requirements. Timing of requirements determination and validation must be linked to anticipated budget preparation and integration data calls.

Requirements: Training, Operational, and War Reserve Ammunition requirements will be as determined by the GS G-3 in support of plans and unit proficiency levels

Training requirements are defined as the ammunition needed to sustain proficiency and combat skills necessary to employ assigned weapons and systems. Training Requirements: Individual training is to either learn a new skill or enhance an existing one. Collective training integrates individuals into cohesive teams Training requirements must be planned and included in the forecast

Requirements are determined by examining the required training scheduled for the coming year and calculating the amount and type of ammunition needed. Training requirements are generated at the kandak level. Each higher level up to the General Staff reviews and consolidates the requirements

Included at the GS level are the requirements of the schools which are consolidated at the Kabul Military Training Center (KMTC). The General Staff consolidates and validates individual and collective forecasts and then forwards phased requirements by type of ammunition and formation to the APM for integration, planning, programming, and budgeting.

Operational Requirements: Ammunition which will be consumed by members of tactical formations in the course of executing their assigned missions - battle. Forecasted amount and type of ammunition can be calculated based on historical usage rates for previously conducted operations of a similar nature and adjusted for any differences. That forecast is generated by each Corps and approved by the General Staff Chief of Operations.

Contingency: Contingency ammunition is that ammunition needed to cover potential situations that may occur during the coming year. It is based upon the calculation of the amount and type of ammunition needed to successfully overcome the most probable threat, the likelihood of that threat occurring, and the consequences of not having sufficient ammunition. The determination of the amount and type of ammunition needed for contingency stocks is made by the General Staff Chief of Operations and approved by MoD S & P.

War Reserve: Ammunition calculated to support developed war and supporting campaign plans. Forecast is a combined effort lead by the AMoD S & P supported by the AMoD, ATL, APM, General Staff Chief of Operations and Chief of Logistics.

These forecasts are calculations of amounts and types of ammunition required to reduce the impact of accelerated consumption The intent is to define the amount of ammunition to maintain in inventory that prevents depleting inventory stores before manufacturing deliveries can match demand

It reduces the risk of disruption of ammunition deliveries and the results must be part of an annual program decision brief for the Defense Council (DC).

Terminal Learning Objective: Understand the budgeting process, cost, source, and contract execution for ANA ammunition. Enabling Learning Objectives: Understand requirement development and the budget process for procurement. Understand how the contract process for ammunition is executed and managed. Understand from where ammunition is obtained.

Budgeting consists of those steps necessary to convert the requirements for ammunition into the cost to procure. Requirements are consolidated and compared to the total stocks of serviceable ammunition on hand. The difference between the two is the net requirement considered in the budgeting process.

Procurement lead time to obtain the ammunition must be considered. The net requirement represents that ammunition which needs to be procured The adjusted net requirement is the total ammunition required to ensure ammunition on hand is not unacceptably reduced before replacement stocks arrive

Source of Ammunition: The first priority is to identify any ammunition that can be renovated to a serviceable condition. The next step is to determine the best source of supply. AMoD ATL coordinating with AMoD S & P provides guidance in selecting a source(s) of supply that match and support overall strategy of reliability, quality, and delivery.

Forecasting and Budgeting Cost Determination:
Combining all requirements and using the least expensive source available for each type of ammunition provides the total acquisition cost. APM determines the estimated cost of acquisition and provides it to the AMoD

ATL, and the General Staff for the cost of the ammunition forecasted With this information, the General Staff will include the cost associated with a desired capability (e.g. training, operational or contingency) in the annual budget submission

Contract Execution: The Acquisition Agency Contracting Activity is the sole responsible agent of MoD to establish contracts obligating the Government of Afghanistan to purchase goods and services. The Acquisition Agency monitors the execution of the contract to ensure that it is executed in MoD for ammunition procurements.

Forecasting and Budgeting Contract Execution:
The Acquisition Agency will not enter into contracts for ammunition materiel without the written request of the APM and his certification of availability of funds for obligation.

Inventory Management and
Accounting Ref. ANA Decree1-4.5

Inventory Management and Accounting
Terminal Learning Objective: Understand then ammunition management principles within the ANA Enabling Learning Objectives The student will define ammunition inventory management principles of type, quantity, and location. Understand the requirement for ammunition type management Understand the requirement to maintain records of all of the on hand quantities, locations, and conditions.

Inventory management is the process of insuring serviceable ammunition of the correct type and quantity is at the right location at the right time. Training and operational ammunition needs careful, constant management as continual usage requires routine replenishment

Every effort should be made to use the oldest ammunition first in order to use it before it exceeds its useful life First In – First Out This may mean that some ammunition that is positioned to support contingency missions will be issued for training and then replenished with new stocks

Inventory management requires careful planning and analysis to ensure the quantity and types of ammunition needed and forecasted are available at the necessary locations and proper times. This applies to all levels of ammunition support from the NADs to the ATDs Each depot maintains control of its stocks using Decree 4.0 process and procedures for accountability.

Data Management An accurate record of the quantity and types of ammunition on hand in each ANA location is necessary to determine what ammunition needs to be repositioned to support requirements. Effective record keeping is essential to the maintenance of the ammunition stockpile

Data Management Ammunition is tracked by identification and lot number
The lot number (manufacturer’s production control identification number) identifies production batches of ammunition This allows the APM to identify ammunition that is restricted or suspended from use based on stockpile and surveillance testing

Ammunition Accountability
Terminal Learning Objective: Understand the needs, requirements and process for accounting of all ammunition and explosives maintained for use by the ANA Enabling Learning Objectives: Understand the established processes for accounting for ammunition and explosives Understand the flow of accountability from the national level to the ultimate user level Understand the need for proper resolution of discrepancies in the records

Ammunition Accountability (con’t)
Stock record accountability is maintained by the ANA from delivery by the manufacturer until the ammunition is expended or consumed The national and corps ammunition depots establish and maintain stock record accountability of ammunition in their control

The national and corps ammunition depots establish stock record accountability using Stock Record Procedures of Decree 4. All issues to supported units for training ammunition will be authenticated by the commander of the next higher level and expenditures reconciled with the depots within 2 days of use

The Brigade Logistic Battalion’s Ammunition Transfer Depot will record transfers of issue on ANA Form 9 and provide documentation to the supporting CAD for posting to the Stock Record Account. Minor discrepancies that cannot be resolved by the Stock Record Officer will be addressed and resolved by the commander two levels above the requestor

Major discrepancies and any discrepancies in sensitive ammunition and explosives will be addressed and resolved by a board of officers appointed by the Corps Commander Lapses in control and accountability may result in severe punitive sanctions. Loss of ammunition and explosives is not acceptable

The most commonly used stock accounting forms for ammunition are: MoD ANA Form 2 – Ammunition Stock Record Card MoD ANA Form 3 – Register of Supply Actions Used by both support and supported units.

Forms (con’t) MoD ANA Form 4 – Form Controlling Register ANA Form 9 – Issue and Turn-In Order Used to release ammunition and materiel from depot stockage, transfer accountability from the support depot to the recipient, initiate shipping/transportation documents preparation

Forms (con’t) ANA Form 14 – Request or Turn In Document ANA Form 14 is also used for Class V (Ammunition) supplies ANA Form 3151–R – Ammunition Stores Slip Used to issue, ship, received, turn-in, or relocate ammunition

Forms (con’t) ANA Form 3020–R - Magazine Data Card Records receipt, storage, issue, and inventory of munitions within a storage structure

Munitions Support Structure Overview

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Munitions Support Structure Overview

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