1. Viscosity Presentation By Team Eight

2. Objective To determine how fluid a liquid really is by measuring its viscosity. To determine how fluid a liquid really is by measuring its viscosity. We will simply see how fast a sphere falls through a fluid. The faster the sphere falls, the lower the viscosity. The slower the sphere falls, the higher the viscosity. We will simply see how fast a sphere falls through a fluid. The faster the sphere falls, the lower the viscosity. The slower the sphere falls, the higher the viscosity.

3. Material List / Price List Materials Materials Marbles (steel and glass) -$1.00 Marbles (steel and glass) -$1.00 Motor oil (10W-30) -$2.00 Motor oil (10W-30) -$2.00 Graduated cylinder -$5.00 Graduated cylinder -$5.00 Calculator-$15.00 Calculator-$15.00 Stopwatch -$4.00 Stopwatch -$4.00 Ruler -$1.00 Ruler -$1.00 Thermometer-$15.00 Thermometer-$15.00

4. Method The measurement involves determining the velocity of the falling sphere. This is accomplished by dropping each sphere through a measured distance of fluid and measuring how long it takes to traverse the distance. Thus, you know distance and time, so you also know velocity, which is distance/time. The measurement involves determining the velocity of the falling sphere. This is accomplished by dropping each sphere through a measured distance of fluid and measuring how long it takes to traverse the distance. Thus, you know distance and time, so you also know velocity, which is distance/time. The formula for determining the viscosity is decorated with Greek letters and a squared term, but simply amounts to multiplying some numbers and then dividing by some others: The formula for determining the viscosity is decorated with Greek letters and a squared term, but simply amounts to multiplying some numbers and then dividing by some others: delta p = difference in density between the sphere and the liquid delta p = difference in density between the sphere and the liquid g = acceleration of gravity g = acceleration of gravity a = radius of sphere a = radius of sphere v = velocity = d/t = (distance sphere falls)/(time of it takes to fall) v = velocity = d/t = (distance sphere falls)/(time of it takes to fall)

5. Fluid: WaterTemperature: °C Fluid: OilTemperature: °C Marble: SteelRadius: m Marble: SteelRadius: m Triald (m)t (s)v (m/s)h(Pa s) Triald (m)t (s)v (m/s)h(Pa s) 1 1 2 2 3 3 Fluid: WaterTemperature: °C Fluid: OilTemperature: °C Marble: GlassRadius: m Marble: GlassRadius: m Triald (m)t (s)v (m/s)h(Pa s) Triald (m)t (s)v (m/s)h(Pa s) 1 1 2 2 3 3 Type of Fluid Water Type of Fluid Oil Fluid density (p) Density of sphere (p) Density Contrast Radius of sphere (a) Gravity (g)9.8 m/s2 Gravity (g)9.8 m/s2 Fall distance (d) Data Entry

6. Useful Tables g9.8 m/s 2 Density for water1000 kg/m 3 Steel marble density8430 kg/m 3 Glass marble density2850 kg/m 3 Density for 10W-30881 kg/m 3 Approximate Viscosities of Common Materials (At Room Temperature-70°F) * MaterialViscosity in Centipoise Water1 cps SAE 30 Motor Oil420-650 cps SAE 40 Motor Oil650-900 cps Castrol Oil1,000 cps Karo Syrup5,000 cps Honey10,000 cps Chocolate25,000 cps Ketchup50,000 cps Peanut Butter250,000 cps 100 Centipoise = 1 Poise 1 Centipoise = 1 mPa s (Millipascal Second) 1 Poise = 0.1 Pa s (Pascal Second)

7. Setup Model

8. Resources http://www.vp-scientific.com/Viscosity_Tables.htm http://www.spacegrant.hawaii.edu/class_acts/ViscosityTe.html http://www.nasaexplores.com/index.php Interactive Model Cornell University Model