1. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada1 Thoughts on 4CD (4 th Concept Detector) Solenoid System based on Alex Mikhailchenko’s Basic Design Ryuji Yamada October 20, 2006

2. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada2 Problems with 4CD Solenoid 4CD’s overall dimensions comparable with others 4CD’s overall weight ~2000 tons ? much lighter than others Overall Stored Energy 2.7 GJ, biggest among HEP detector Solenoids similar to CMS’s 2.6 GJ Inner Solenoid, Outer Solenoid, 2x End Cover, and 2x Beam Correction Solenoid 4 major components should be in Series Operation to protect from Leakage Flux Problem

3. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada3 Inner Solenoid Inside Field 3.5 Tesla Required Field Uniformity TPC Requirements ? ∆B/B < 5 x 10 -4 in r <1.4 m, z< ± 1.5 m. Construction Method Extensive Design Studies needed Indirect Cooling or Pool Boiling Sharp Peak Field 17 – 10 Tesla or 6 Tesla Superconductor beside NbTi, used for all others Enormous Compression Force at End Rings Related to the Peak Field 20,000 tons for 6 Tesla peak field

4. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada4 Inner Solenoid Reduction of Peak Field by Field modification Selection of Superconductor Nb 3 Al, Nb 3 Sn, or NbTi Not High TC now Design of stronger Vacuum Vessel ? We can use Material as thick as needed Pool Boiling Design by Bob Wands Small Inner Model Magnet (2m dia. 4 m long) together with Outer Model Magnet (size ?) to be made, which could be used for testing full size TPC Unit

5. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada5 Inner Solenoid Thin Wall Design (still to be optimized) Central Part + 2 End Parts Reduce Peak Field as small as possible 12 Tesla or 6 Tesla (all NbTi) Central Part similar to CMS design NbTi 4 Layers, or 6 Layers ? 2 End Parts Nb3Al or Nb3Snfor B>8 Tesla, or NbTi Strong Support Cylinder with compartments may be needed, if Pool Boiling is used

6. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada6 Inner Coil AM’s Original Geometry Max Flux Density 17.2 Tesla Current Density (10 6 A/m 2 ) Inner Solenoid38.6 Edge Ring231.6 Outer Solenoid9.9

7. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada7 Inner Coil Edge Ring Extended Max Flux Density 11.8 Tesla Current Density (10 6 A/m 2 ) Inner Solenoid40.67 Edge Ring134.2 Outer Solenoid14.08

8. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada8 Inner Coil Distributed Current Max Flux Density 6.2 Tesla Current Density (10 6 A/m 2 ) Inner Solenoid32 ~39 Edge Ring61 ~73 Outer Solenoid7.3

9. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada9 Outer Solenoid 12 m dia., 12 m long, 1.5 Tesla World largest volume Solenoid ? Technically Feasible solenoid No Transportation method exist ? Components to be build at Factory To be assembled on Surface at Site and to be lowered into Pit

10. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada10 End Covers Dia. of Vacuum Vessel 12 m Technically Feasible ? Total Outward Force ~4700 tons by Bob. Thermal Support will be problem without Huge Heat Loss No Transportation method Components to be build at Factory Each End Cover should be assemble in a common Vacuum Vessel on Surface and lowered into pit

11. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada11 Detector Assembly Whole Detector, including Solenoid System mounted on Movable Platform like D0 Detector for Push-Pull Operation Outer Solenoid mounted on Carriage and fixed Inner Solenoid suspended inside Outer Solenoid Detector Components mounted inside Inner Solenoid Muon Detector inserted between two Solenoids Each End Cover is mounted on Carriage, and moves in axial direction

12. 0610204CD meeting R.Yamada12 Things to be done Strong Thermal Support with reasonable Heat Loss for Inside Ring Coils of End Cover should be designed first Peak Field of Inner Coil should be made around 6 Tesla Then 6 layer coil will work with NbTi Optimize the Design Parameter Table of all Components of 4CD