1. Greek Culture # 25 HMWK: Greek God Due Tomorrow Vocab Due Thursday Warm Up: Continue to work on Vocab

2. HELLENIC AGE 800 BCE – Greece emerges from the DARK AGES Hellenic Age – Hellas (Greek name for their country) Greek population is scattered by the Dorian invasion Because of the violent times, Greeks developed the city -state

3. GREEK SOCIETY THRIVES 1. LITERATURE – Homer (blind poet) – Iliad and Odyssey 2. OLYMPIC GAMES - Glorification of Heroes (in honor of Zeus) 3. POLYTHEISTIC RELIGION More materialistic than spiritual - Greek Mythology

4. A New Type of Religion A New Type of Religion Many of the civilizations that existed prior to the Greeks believed in gods and goddesses that were terrible, mean, and most importantly, that were not human. Instead, these gods often took the form of animals, monsters, and beasts. The people believed that mankind existed for the sole purpose of serving and pleasing the gods. The Greeks had a new outlook on religion. They believed that the gods and mankind had a partnership with one another, and that both existed to serve one another. They believed that their gods were human in form, and that they exhibited human emotions, including jealously, love, and hatred. Their gods married, had families, and even committed murder. committed murder.

5. The only difference between mankind and the gods was that the gods had supernatural powers, while mankind did not. Greek students were taught to strive to be the best individuals they could possibly be, so that they could be more like the gods. Each Greek city-state selected a patron god as their protector. This god was worshiped, in an effort to please them, so that their good favor would fall upon the people of that region. Every Greek Citizen also worshiped the chief god Zeus. The Greeks believed that the 12 most important and most powerful gods lived on top of a mountain in Northern Greece known as Mount Olympus. From this holy mountain, the people believed that the gods ruled, and controlled all aspects of the natural world, as well as all aspects of the lives of individual people.

6. There are many gods in Greek mythology. The Greeks believed that the gods lived on Mount Olympus. The Greek Pantheon of Gods Summit of Mt Olympus The Olympian Gods Mount Olympus Athens

7. Demeter – Goddess of Harvest Aphrodite- Beauty,love Dionysus – God of Wine Artemis-Goddess of the Hunt Ares – God of War Hephaestus – God of Fire Zeus – King of Gods Hera- Hera-Goddess of Marriage Apollo – God of Prophecy, Music Athena- Goddess of Wisdom Hermes- Messeng er God Poseidon – God of the Sea

8. Zeus: king of the gods, god of sky and thunder. Hera: wife and sister of Zeus and goddess of marriage. Poseidon: god of the sea. Ares: god of war. Hermes, the messenger of the gods, was also the god of orators, literature and poets. Hephaestus: god of blacksmiths, craftsmen and artisans. Aphrodite: goddess of love. Athena: goddess of wisdom, strategy, and war. Apollo: god of the sun. Artemis: goddess of the moon and hunting. Hestia: goddess of the hearth and the family. Demeter: goddess of agriculture. Dionysus: god of wine, civilization and peace. Hades: god of the underworld. Persephone: goddess of the underworld. The Greek Gods of Olympus

9. The Muses The Muses are Greek goddesses who help humans with arts and sciences. They were thought to inspire people to greatness. The Muses were the daughters of Zeus and Mnemosyne ("memory"). Clio: muse of history Urania: muse of astronomy Melpomem: muse of tragedy Thalia: muse of comedy Terpsichore: muse of dance Calliope: muse of epic poetry Erato: muse of love poetry Polyhymnia: muse of songs to the gods Euterpe: muse of lyric poetry Apollo is the leader of the choir of muses The Muses: Clio, Euterpe and Thalia

10. Calliope,Euterpe, Erato Thalia, Clio,Urania Terpsichore, Melpomene, Polyhymnia

11. The First Olympic games, 776 BCE According to Greek mythology, the Olympic games began in 776 BCE, as a treaty between three city- states. They agreed not to make war during the time of the games. The winner of the games was given a wreath made out of an olive branch from Zeus sacred forest. Olive Branch Olympic RunningChariot Racing

12. The Olympics were held every four years during July or August. The first Olympics lasted only one day with one contest, the running of one Stadion (about 200 yards). There were 10 events: running, the pentathlon, jumping, discus, javelin, wrestling, boxing, the pancration (combination boxing-wrestling), chariot racing, and horse racing. All Greeks who were free citizens and had not committed murder or heresy had the right to take part in the Olympic Games. Women could not participate or even watch the games. However, they could own the race horses. By 5 BCE, the games lasted five days. Boxing

15. Your Greek God NameName God of what?God of what? PicturePicture –At least 5 colors –No White