1. PUNIC WARS #37 Have #35 out for a stamp Warm Up: Describe the parts of the Roman Republic.

2. PUNIC WARS Punic – Latin for Phoenician In the 200's B.C. Rome ruled Italy. Carthage- Wealth city in North Africa – Controlled part of Sicily Rome and Carthage fought for control of Mediterranean Rome afraid Carthage would try to take control of Rome Led to war

3. In the battle for control of the seas, Rome builds and improves navy to win Sicily and control of cheap grain. They invented a device called a "crow" which was a kind of wooden walkway with a sharp spike at the end. The crow was held upright until the Romans pulled their ship up next to an enemy ship. Over control of Sicily and Western Mediterranean After 23 years, Rome wins the war. The First Punic War

4. Second Punic War 218 BCE Carthage counterattacks –Hannibal attacked from Spain going through the Alps with 60 war elephants during the winter of. Raided Rome for the next 13 years. Rome attacks North Africa and Carthage forced Hannibal to leave Rome to defend. Hannibal is finally defeated

6. Third Punic Wars - Rome Wins Carthage rebels against Romes rule. Rome attacks Carthage and after a three year siege and days of street fighting, Carthage is burned. Roman soldiers even salt the fields so food Cannot be grown.

7. Roman Expansion By 144 BCE –Spain, Alps, Greece, Eastern Asia Minor By 44 BCE – Gaul, Macedonia, All of Asia Minor, Syria, Egypt, North Africa Yellow indicates borders in 44 BCE

8. Business of Rome was: War Conquest Slaves Plunder Forced Trade Monopolies Roman Trading Partners

9. Political Unrest at Home 2 nd Punic War destroyed many farms Wealthy took over many farms Some Romans gain great wealth while some suffer Soldiers are out of work or dead Farmers are undercut by: Cheap imported grain Large farms Imported slave labor Unemployed farmers move to cities – few jobs available

10. People also upset by slave revolt (I am Spartacus) Some try reforms, but are murdered Political power by city mobs Rome's large population of slaves caused other problems. Most slaves were treated terribly by their Roman masters. Desperate for freedom, the slaves, led by Spartacus, rebelled for two years. This sets the stage for the rise of a military dictator. Death of Spartacus