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Chap. 3 Tissue Vocabulary

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1 Chap. 3 Tissue Vocabulary
Histology Tissue Epithelial Tissue Apical surface Basal surface Basement membrane Goblet Cell Gland Secretion Hormone Connective Tissue Extracellular matrix Ground substance Muscle Tissue Striations Intercalated Disks Nervous Tissue Neuron

2 Tissue: groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function
Four primary tissue types: epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous Histology: the study of tissues

3 Tissues Foldable FOUR TYPES OF TISSUES: Epithelial, Connective, Muscle, Nerve SUMMARIZE THE FUNCTIONS/ROLE OF EACH INCLUDE ANY SUBTYPES & LOCATIONS IN THE BODY ORIGINAL PICTURES, WORDS, DIAGRAMS COLORFUL DESIGNED TO INSTRUCT ANATOMY STUDENTS 8.5 x 11 inch white, unlined paper; front & back if needed; one page for each tissue type.

4 CONNECTIVE TISSUE Use 2 separate sides of paper to include all of these embryonic tissue: mesenchyme connective tissue proper loose areolar, adipose, reticular – show examples dense (fibrous) regular, irregular – give an example of each of these cartilage hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage— show examples bone blood

5 Use the book to find pictures and locations of these
NERVOUS TISSUE MUSCLE TISSUE Use the book to find pictures and locations of these

6 FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIUM
PROTECTION ABSORPTION FILTRATION EXCRETION SECRETION

7 SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS
Cells fit closely together to form continuous sheets. Neighboring cells are bound by desmosomes and tight junctions. Always have one free surface, “Apical Surface” Exposed surface is either slick and smooth or ciliated. Lower surface of epithelium rests on top of a Basement Membrane. Avascular = No blood supply Regenerate easily if well nourished

8 Simple—composed of one cell layer
Epithelial Tissue: Simple—composed of one cell layer squamous cuboidal columnar psuedostratified columnar Stratified—two or more cell layers transitional

9 Psuedostratified Columnar simple Ciliated Columnar
simple squamous simple cuboidal Psuedostratified Columnar simple Ciliated Columnar

10 Stratified Squamous Stratified Cuboidal Transitional

11 GLANDULAR EPITHELIA Gland—one or more cells that make and secrete (export) a product Secretion—an aqueous fluid that usually contains proteins; some are lipids or steroid-rich

12 Endocrine glands—internal secretion
ductless, secrete hormones: first into extracellular space then enter blood or lymphatic fluid structurally diverse examples: pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, gonads Exocrine glands—external and internal secretion more numerous, bound to ducts and secretions empty into ducts. examples: sweat, mucous (goblet cells), liver, pancreas, oil, salivary

13 simple squamous simple cuboidal simple columnar
psuedostratified columnar simple squamous

14 simple squamous stratified squamous simple cuboidal stratified cuboidal transitional epithelium psuedostratified columnar simple columnar

15 CONNECTIVE TISSUE Most abundant & widely distributed tissue

16 CONNECTIVE TISSUE FUNCTIONS
BINDING & SUPPORT PROTECTION INSULATION TRANSPORTATION

17 Common Characteristics of Connective Tissue
Arise from the mesenchyme (an embryonic tissue) Variations in blood supply: cartilage is avascular (no blood), Tendons and Ligaments (poor amounts of blood)—other types have rich supply of blood Extracellular matrix: most connective tissue is nonliving and made up of different types of cells

18 structural elements of connective tissue
ground substance: unstructured materials between cells; holds large amounts of fluid interstitial fluid, cell adhesion proteins, proteoglycans provides a medium for diffusion of nutrients between capillaries & connective tissue cells fibers collagen, elastic, reticular fibers cells (-blast: forming cells –cyte: mature cells) fibroblast, chondroblast, osteoblast, hematopoietic stem cell other cell types (macrophage, mast)

19 Connective Tissue Types
Embryonic Tissue: mesenchyme Loose Connective Tissue areolar, adipose, reticular Dense (fibrous) Connective Tissue regular, irregular Cartilage hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage Bone Blood

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31 Loose connective Tissue: Areolar
Locations under epithelia lamina propria of mucous membranes around organs surround capillaries Loose connective Tissue: Areolar Functions cushions organs inflammation macrophage site hold, convey tissue fluid

32 Dense Connective Tissue
: Regular Locations tendons most ligaments aponeuroses Functions muscles to bone bone to bone withstands tensile stress

33 cartilage: hyaline Locations Functions end of long bones ribs
nose trachea, larynx Functions supports, reinforces resists compression resilient cushioning

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35 Nervous Tissue Muscle Tissue neurons supporting cells skeletal smooth
cardiac

36 Muscle Tissue Skeletal Muscle: Has obvious Striations

37 Muscle Tissue Cardiac Muscle Has Intercalated Discs

38 Muscle Tissue Smooth Muscle Cells are pointy on each end

39 Nerve Tissue

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