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2. The Waning of the Middle Ages What events led to the end of the Middle Ages? – The Great Famine – The Black Death – The Hundred Years’ War – The Great Schism – The Crusades 2

3. The Renaissance - Introduction New interest in learning about Greece & Rome Great turning point in Western Civilization Began in Italy – Location – Cities emerge as important centers – Independence not crushed Wealthy supported artists Used observation to explain world 3

4. Painting & Sculpture Giotto – New painting style – Life-like space – Depth, shading, emotions Masaccio – Perspective 4

5. Leonardo Da Vinci – Sculptor, Inventor, Painter – Mona Lisa, Last Supper Michelangelo – Sculptures – David, Moses, Pieta – Sistine Chapel – Paintings of Bible scenes Painting & Sculpture 5

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7. Architecture Drew from Ancient Rome Columns & Circular Arches Filippo Brunelleschi – Designed roof of Florence Cathedral Artistic accomplishments showed fascination with this world instead of next 7

8. Scholarship & Literature Studied works of Rome & Greece Petrarch – Father of Humanism Erasmus – Questioned the church Writers focused on dignity of man, celebrated pleasures of the sense, & instructed behavior Wrote in vernacular (local language) 8

9. Science & Technology Nicholas Copernicus – Earth orbits Sun – Banned by church b/c it went against what they taught Galileo Galilei – Motion laid foundation for physics – Supported Copernicus’ theory – 1632 – Inquisition found him guilty of speaking against church 9

10. Essential Question What achievements of the Renaissance still affect modern day society? 10