1. Semantic Web for the Military User C2 Applications Breakout Report 11/14/01

2. C2 Apps Participants Mike DeanBBN Rob RaschBCBL-L (Army) Mike RimmerNWDC Mark Gorniak AFRL Ken WhitebreadLMSC/ATL Frank White SSC Martha KahnGlobal Infotek Hal HultgrenNWDC Paul NevesBBN Lee LacyDRC Tom MartinRME

3. Objectives Explore Command and Control Applications for DAML developments, both long and short term –What are ways in which we can best explore the value of DAML for C2 functions

4. Framework: Expeditionary Sensor Grid

5. C2 Applications Outbrief Framework - ESG Control of systems/sensors/and networks –With auto registration, knowledge of capabilities, can more intelligently control for optimal or appropriate coverage for the mission at hand for planning, and adaptation to changing conditions. Infrastructure Applications –Semantic interoperability of systems, dynamic reconfiguration with understanding at the machine level of the implications Sensor Applications –Smart Sensors communicating with one-another E.g., unattended acoustic/IR… aerial, ground, or underwater sensor (one of potentially thousands) –Fusion, aggregation and reporting

6. Expeditionary Sensor Grid Objective: –Many cheap sensors, netted, fused, aggregated and managed Air, Ground, Maritime, not uniquely Naval, but essential for assuring access to the litoral –Requirements at sensor, network, and system control levels –Sensor Fusion, Sensor Management, Communications Management, all issues requiring automotion

7. DAML in Expeditionary Sensor Grid (ESG) for Data and Information Fusion ESG - A sensor grid architecture that integrates sensors, networks, decision aids, warriors and supporting systems into a highly adaptive comprehensive system that operates from the surface to space and from sea to land. Widely varying heterogeneity, thousands of sensors and sources - coalition, legacy and emerging systems and sensors Fusion will require many more operators than practical and automation of fusion will depend on software agents DAML Contribution Referenced metadata regarding sensor characteristics, performance and reliability (pedigree), and decision-needs context for multiple heterogeneous sensors/sources/systems enabling high level automated (agent-based) fusion. FY 02 ESG Enabling Experiments Assess DAML markup utility for enhancement of fusion Explore bandwidth overhead and scalability issues.

8. Sensor Processing Stream using fixed structure, XML, and DAML Sensor d specificatio n Algorithm description … S b` ScSc S zz S a` Time Series Sensor Fusion Processor Event Time/Freq, Intensity, Shape Features, Sensor Data C2 Fusion Classification Confidence Localization Tracks + Event Data SdSd SeSe ……... Heterogeneous Sensors Sensor c specificatio n Algorithm description … Sensor b specificatio n Algorithm description … Semantic Resources Fixed Data Structure XMLDAML DAML in Sensor Fusion

9. Sensor Processing Stream using fixed structure, XML, and DAML Sb`Sb` ScSc S zz Time Series Event Time/Freq, Intensity, Shape Features, Sensor Data Existence of object Classification Confidence Localization Tracks + Event Data SdSd SeSe …... Heterogeneous Sensors and Sources Sensor c specificatio n Pedigree Algorithm description Unit definition Decision Context … Semantic Resources Fixed Data Structure, XML DAML DATA AND INFORMATION FUSION (Client and Services?) Level 0 Signal Data Refinement Level 1 Object Refinement Objects Level 4 Resource Refinement Object Base Situation Visualization, Management Level 2 Situation Refinement Level 3 Impact Situations Impacts High Low INFERENCE LEVEL Sensor b specificatio n Pedigree Algorithm description Unit definition Decision Context … Sensor a specification Pedigree Algorithm description Unit definition Decision Context … HUMINT Open Source … ? ?

10. By the way XML = 10x hard code DAML = 2x XML Jini/Java breakpoint

11. Recommendations/Actions

12. Communications For ESG, smart agent needed for dynamic communications management to do reasoning about the network – to support the smart agent operation, need: –Comms ontology from Operational Level to Tactical Level (see next slide) –Identify boundaries of sensor nets, etc.

13. Ontology Development Ontology from Operational Level (CJTF) to tactical level (weapons on target) for supporting modeling of sensor/ communications/ information management needs –Benefits to ESG Experiment design System Concept Testing Once refined, system design, and construction –Ties to many many other needs Leverage of Doctrine/TTP/Lessons Learned/Training

14. Experimentation (General) Experimentation (EEE) –For both Communications and Fusion applications, refine the CoABS Grid DAML interfaces for Utility for Dynamic Communications Sensor Management Sensor Fusion

15. DAML For Fusion EEE Experimentation –Explore the Depth of where DAML markup makes the most sense –Explore Jini/Java (I.e., Grid) object translation to DAML Research –Assess DAML tools for the multiple layers from the physical to the information management Bandwidth tradeoffs, etc. –Modeling DAML/assessing utility in the mobile environment

16. Homeland Security Will you provide a wish-list of ontologies? Can you help with exporting data in DAML –Ultimate goal – can assess introducing DAML at lower level in process for ultimate use in agent applications –Nearer term Researchers could work with data Will help with developing other (ESG) sensor related data