1. Floral Design
Competencies

2. Types of Design Materials
There are four basic types of design materials:
Line flowers
Mass flowers
Form flowers
Filler flowers

3. Line Flowers
Tall spikes of flowers with florets blooming along the stem
Create the outline for an arrangement and establish the height and width as well as the curvilinear lines.

4. Line Flowers-Examples
Snapdragons
Gladiolus

5. Mass Flowers Have the flower head on the terminal end of the stem
Draw attention to the focal point and add mass and weight to the arrangement.
Cover floral foam and help fill in empty areas with flowers

6. Mass Flowers-Examples
Carnations
Roses
Chrysanthemums

7. Form Flowers Unique in shape or color
Create the accent or focal point or focal area of the arrangement to attract the viewer’s attention

8. Form Flowers-Examples
Bird of paradise
Orchid

9. Filler Flowers Have small sprays of flowers or are like ferns
Used to fill empty spaces and to accent the other floral materials within the arrangement
Also used to cover or hide the mechanics of the arrangement including the frame, supports, ties, etc.

10. Filler Flowers-Examples
Baby’s breath
Statice

11. Floral Design Shapes

12. Round
Flower arrangement is basically round in shape

13. Oval
Flowers make an oval shaped arrangement

14. Fan
Flowers make a fan or semicircle shaped arrangement

15. Triangle
Shape may be an equilateral triangle with all three sides the same length or asymmetrical triangle with sides of different lengths.

16. Right Angle
Flowers make an L shape

17. Inverted-T
The flowers make an upside down T

18. Vertical
Straight up, in a bud vase, tall vertically, narrow horizontally

19. Horizontal
Long horizontal and short vertically

20. Diagonal
Halfway between vertical and horizontal

21. Crescent
Shaped like a quarter moon

22. Hogarth curve
Shaped like an S curve

23. Design Principles

24. Balance
When the flower size and container flow together and complement each other

25. Focal Point
Creates the accent and interest to catch the eye

26. Proportion
Keeps relative size, color and texture of the flowers to create a pleasing arrangement.
Floral designs should be at least 1 ½ to 2 times the height or width of the container.

27. Scale
The principle that the design must be in proportion to the surrounding area where it is placed.

28. Accent
Used to catch attention and draw attention to the design

29. Repetition
Accentuates the flowers and colors by repeating their use throughout the design

30. Rhythm
Creates a sense of continuity or flowing together

31. Harmony
When all parts flow together to give a completed look to the arrangment

32. Unity
When the flowers complement each other through color, size, and shape

33. Design Techniques

34. Steps in Designing Arrangements
Select a design shape
Select appropriate container, cut floral foam and attach to container
Set container and foam in water for 20 minutes
Select fern or other filler and arrange in foam to cover foam and extend at least 1 ½ times the width of the container.

35. Steps in Designing Arrangements
Insert flower to make arrangement desired height
Insert more flowers to make design outline and focal point
Add other flowers as needed to make arrangement
Arrange filler flowers such as baby’s breath to give a completed appearance