1. IEC 61131 for Building Automation
New Tools & Ideas for Buildings 2.0
IEC for Building Automation

2. Bill Lydon – Managing Director PLCopen North America
Jim Desrosiers – Data Acuity, Inc. PLCopen Member Company
Data Acuity, Inc.
Bill Lydon – Managing Director PLCopen North America
Instructor:
Introduce self and provide brief biography citing your background and experience. Include teaching and practical experience in introduction.
Classmates:
If moderator will allow, list companies where participants are from who are participating in seminar.
PLCopen North American

3. PLCopen Founded in 1992 – Worldwide Organization
Vendor Independent - Not for Profit Organization
Focus – Open Controls Programming Standards
Primary IEC & Extensions
PLCopen is dedicated to improving the automation programming efficiency and productivity of control engineers.

4. PLCopen Members ABB altus ATOS ATS International
Automaton Tooling Systems
Baumuller
Beckhoff
Berger Lahr
Rexroth Bosch Group
B&R
Control Techniques
Danfoss
Digital Electronics
Elau
Fuji Electric Japan
G&L Motion Control
HIMA
Honeywell
ICS Triplex ISaGRAF
Info team Software
Industrielle Steuerungstechnik
KEBA
kirchner SOFT
KUKA
KW Software
LENZE
Panasonic
ESR Pollmeier GmbH 
Mitsubishi Electric
Nyquist Industrial Control
OMRON
ORMEC
Parker Automation
Philip Morris
Phoenix Contact
Rockwell Automation
3 S
Scneider Automation
Selectron Systems AG
SEW Eurodrive
SICK 
Siemens
Softing
SMS Demag AG
Stober Antriebstechnik
TEAM
Teco
Tevopharm B.V
Valiosys Group
TOSHIBA
TRICONEX
YOKOGAWA

5. PLCopen Worldwide Organization
Japan
Europe
China
North America

6. What is IEC
Global Standard: Common Control Programming Software Language and Software Model
IEC = International Electrotechnical Commission
World Standards Organization Founded in 1906
Electrical & Electronic International Standards
Over 50 Participating Countries
1986 Controls Programming Standard Started
1993 IEC Standard Published
2003 Second Edition
Other improvements since.
Briefly list/discuss topics to be covered in this section. Aim for maximum of 30 slides on entire course content for presentation.
Break the material so the presentation contains 3 question and answer sessions. Where the Q&A should be, place the question/answer slide. This allows input from the audience and gives presenter direction on the interests of the audience.
Duration: Spend approximately 60 minutes on all of the seminar material to provide information based on Key Benefits from previous slide.
Best format: Present each of the three sections for 20 minutes and then spend 10 minutes on question and answers.
IEC will be described later in this presentation!

7. Microsoft Headquarters, Munich, Germany
Building Automation with IEC 61131
Microsoft Headquarters, Munich, Germany
Intelligent Building Automation
Standard IEC Programming
230 Beckhoff BC9000 Controllers
HMI: Webpage/Internet Explorer
Ethernet TCP/IP I/O
27,500 I/O Points
Microsoft Windows CE & XP
Standard Ethernet Components
Windows CE pocket PCs
Room Control via Internet
Courtesy of PLCopen Member Company

8. Building Automation with IEC 61131
Eurotheum (European Central Bank), Frankfurt, Germany
Standard IEC Programming
Remote Maintenance
Fault Diagnostics
Robust PC Technology
IT-Port, Unterschleißheim near Munich, Germany
Standard IEC Programming
Standard Ethernet
22,000+ I/O Points
Courtesy of PLCopen Member Company

9. IEC 61131 for Building Automation
New Tools & Ideas for Buildings 2.0
IEC for Building Automation
IEC makes sense for Building Automation for the same reasons industrial users prefer IEC

10. IEC 61131 Improves Life Cycle Cost of Control Software Development
Design
Maintenance
Specification
Commissioning
Risk Analysis
Integration
Verification
Refining
Coding
Testing

11. Open Architecture Simplifies Automation
Automation Trends
Controls Engineers Role Broadening
Adaptable - Sophisticated Applications
Efficiency - Control to Optimize Processes
Enterprise – Integration to IT Systems
Maintainable - Real-time Maintenance Data
Commissioning – Distributed Systems, Wireless
Resources - Collaborative Engineering
Open Architecture Simplifies Automation
(Just as it has in the computer industry.)
IEC – Open Programming
PLCopen -Applications & Extension

12. Visual Procedural Assembler Machine Language
Software Language Progression
Building Automation
Computer Industry
Industrial Controls
Open
Open
Visual
Procedural
Assembler
Machine Language
Languages Today
Visual Basic
Visual C
C++
Java
Languages Today
IEC
Function Blocks
Ladder
Sequential Charts
Instruction List
Structured Text
Proprietary
Proprietary

13. IEC 61131-3 Industrial Control Programming
Tough to
Deploy
There are many ways to look at part 3 – the programming languages… but just to make sure we are all talking about the same:
the IEC deals with the interface between
the programmer and the control system
or more direct: what this person sees on his screen
Standardizes Controls Programming

14. IEC 61131-3 Industrial Control Programming
... support for people
with different backgrounds
or, how these people interface to their control,
no matter which background / color, or level
current environments incorporate them all
Meaning: support for teams with people of different level
or background. So not only programmers, but also installation and maintenance people

15. The 6 parts of the IEC 61131 Standard
PLCopen
Standardization in Industrial Control programming
General Overview, Definitions
Hardware
Programming Languages
User Guidelines
Messaging Service Specification
Fuzzy Logic
IEC – Distributed Applications

16. Global and Direct Variables / I/O Systems
IEC Software Model
Configuration (Project)
Resource (HW)
Resource (HW)
Task
Task
Task
Task
Program
Program
Program
Program
Data Access path FB FB FB FB FB FB FB FB
Global and Direct Variables / I/O Systems

17. IEC 61131-3 : Common Elements Variables & Data types
Symbolic representation via labels
Restricted area for I/O mapping
Hardware independent code
Higher transparency & readability
Less errors
BOOL
STRING
REAL & LREAL
TIME
INTEGER
ARRAY
Within IEC , one uses variables with sensible names. In addition one tells what we deal with. In this example we use the variable name Temperature_Sensor_1, because that is a clear name, and we couple this to a datatype integer. Now we know we do not get back a string, telling us the temperature in text, but we get a number back.
For the rest of the program we now use the name: this is much more readable and understandable.
Why this datatyping?
Well, IEC is designed to help you to find errors as early as possible in the programming phase.
As you all know, that is the fastest and cheapest way.
Now you know if the data is a string, a date, and integer or 16 bits of Boolean input. There is no confusion about this anymore, and there is
no conflict between different people using the textual representation (that means, the name of the variable)
Defined Data Types
VENDOR DEFINED
USER DEFINED
STRUCTURES

18. Function Block Diagram (FBD)
IEC Languages
Ladder Diagram (LD)
Function Block Diagram (FBD)
Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Structured Text (ST)
Instruction List (IL)

19. Ladder Diagram (LD)
Standardized set of relay ladder programming symbols and terminology
Electrical Flow
Large base of users
Boolean equations
Easy rules
A B C
-| |--|/| ( )
Ladder Diagram
Ladder Diagram, often referred to as Ladder Logic has its roots in North America. It was developed in the 1970 as hard-wired relay panels were converted to PLC wired control systems. The graphical programming language representations are basically from relay symbols, and intended to look similar to electrical schematics.
Ladder Diagram has evolved to include other, more complex instructions to take advantage of the programming power of PLC software.
Ladder Diagram is still one of the most used programming languages in North America.

20. Instruction List (IL) Single accumulator based execution model
Low Level Programming
One operation such as storing a value in the accumulator register, is allowed per line
LD A
AND B
ST C
Instruction List
Instruction List is a text-based offering that provides all the control and programming instructions supported by Ladder Diagram, and more. It was developed in Germany and has often been the preferred choice within Europe. This language has also grown in popularity within other nations.
Instruction List provides for single statements, or instructions, to be written and executed in a line-by-line format.

21. Structured Text (ST) High level language, block structured
Syntax resembles PASCAL, C, C+
Complex statements and nested instructions possible
Support for
Iteration loops (REPEAT-UNTIL; WHILE-DO)
Conditional execution (IF-THEN-ELSE; CASE)
Functions (SQURT(); SIN())
Structured Text
Structured Text Language is a representation of more modern languages such as C or Pascal. Simple and complex data types as well as simple and complex expressions are possible.
Common applications code solved in Structured Text include math calculations, data collection and branching to multiple process choices.
Structured Text language is generally used by programmers that have experience in higher- level languages and are used to a structured programming environment, such as the use of subroutines and parameter passing.
C:= A AND NOT B
If A = FALSE THEN ...
CASE Select OF ....

22. Function Block Diagram (FBD)
Graphical Language
Allows Program elements which appear as blocks to be “wired” together in a form analogous to a circuit diagram
Used in many applications that involve the flow of information or data between control components
AND
A C B
Function Block Diagram
Function Block Diagram originated in Europe, and is commonly used in the process industry. It wires together program elements in a form like circuit diagrams. These blocks or elements are also similar to logic diagrams such as TTL.
It is used in many applications that involve the flow of information, due to its graphic representation.

23. Sequential Function Chart (SFC)
Technological programming language for describing sequential controls
Structured program draft
Description of the process with steps and transitions
Clear, easy to understand
Application examples
Presses
Productions lines
Process technology
Packaging technology
Machine tools
Batch Process Control – S88
Step 1
Transition
Step 2
Action 1
Action 2
Sequential Function Chart
Sequential Function Chart (SFC) consists of Steps, linked with Actions and Transitions. Each step represents a particular state of the system. Steps are linked to Actions, performing certain control action. A transition is coupled to a condition, which when true causes the next step to be activated. This sequential behavior of the control program is represented graphically. It origin lies in Petri Nets and France
It structures the internal organization of a program by separating the control problem into manageable parts, while maintaining the overview, making it very suitable for diagnostic purposes.
SFC supports alternative and parallel sequences, commonly required in batch applications: one sequence for the primary process, a second for monitoring the overall operating constraints.

24. IDE - Integrated Design Environment (IDE)
Multiple Automation and Control Disciplines
Process Design
Logic Simulation
Automatic Documentation
Engineering Tools
Online Debug Environment
Breakpoints
Watch Windows
Strip chart Recorder
Integrated HMI
IEC Controller

26. Function Block… Self Contained Building Blocks
Explicit Data
Variables
Tag Names
Logic
Actions/Calculations
Inputs
Outputs
Perfect for Building Automation

27. Function Block… Self Contained Building Blocks
Function Examples
And, Or, Xor
PID
Square Root
Add, Subtract, etc.
Inputs
Outputs

28. Function Block… Self Contained Building Blocks
Send
Serve UP WEB Pages
Dial Up Cell Phone
Send Messages (SMS)
Send SOAP Messages
Send XML Messages
Inputs
Outputs

29. BUILD YOUR OWN FUNCTIONS
Encapsulation
BUILD YOUR OWN FUNCTIONS
User Created
Object
Inputs
Outputs
Built from standard blocks ...

30. Your Function Blocks Run In the Controller
Ladder Logic
Instruction List
Structured Text
Create Your Own Standards
Reuse Tested Code
Easily Understood
Self Documenting
Password Protect
Build your own function blocks with Ladder Logic, Instruction List, or Structured Text
Your Function Blocks Run
In the Controller
You Add Functions to the Controller!
Function Block
Your Own Function
Blocks

31. IEC-61131 Advantages Lower Total Cost of Ownership
Significantly Better Price/Performance
Leverages Existing Staff
Common Training
Collaborative Engineering
Lower Implementation Cost
Lower Maintenance Cost
Easily Scaled to Needs
Higher Quality
Lower Total
Cost of Ownership

32. PLCopen Activities Conformity Reusability Safety XML Portability
Motion Control
Cyber Security

33. PLCopen TC3 : Certification
…without testing there is no standard…
Compliancy certification procedures provided by PLCopen assist users with judging the quality and feasibility of programming tools.
It provides a commonly agreed, verifiable basis for module re-usability and for safe investments in further developments. 27

34. IEC Language XML Schemas
PLCopen TC6 : XML
Open Development Interface
XML formats for IEC
IEC Language
XML Schemas
TC6 has defined an XML schema which acts as an interface between the software tools.

35. What's next? IEC 61499 – Open Distributed Systems
Distributed application standard
Encapsulates IEC Program Organization Units (POU)
Normative event signals: INIT, RSP, REQ
Library of function blocks
IEC61499 Function block view
Automatic binding between resources

36. What's next? IEC 61499 – Open Distributed Systems

37. PLCopen North America www.plcopen-na.org Free Electronic Newsletter
Information
Resources
Bill Lydon, Managing Director North America
Phone
Data Acuity, Inc.
Representation and Consulting to Automation Software Companies
Jim Desrosiers, President
Phone