1. CSCI 101 Looking at Computers: Understanding the Parts 1

2. You know you are living in the year 2014 when: You know you are living in the year 2014 when: 1. Your reason for not staying in touch with family is because they do not have a Facebook, Instagram or Twitter account. 2. Your 3 year old sibling can’t wait to get a phone so he/she can FaceTime his/her friends. 3. You just tried to enter your password on the microwave. 2

3. Review 1. The fundamental requirement for building a computer is a a. vacuum tube b. processor c. transistor d. switch 2. Apple Computer was started by ______________ 3. Computers of the 1950's a. were very large b. often broken c. were based on vacuum tube technology d. used lots of power e. all of the above 4. List the switches in generations 1-4 ____________

4. Objectives 3 Basic components of a computer system 9 Binary numbers 9 Encoding schemes and number systems 9 ASCII 9 Bytes and byte measures 7 Computer configuration 4

5. 5 Understanding computers Computer / IT Fluency Individual computers The Basics The Language of Computers Inside the System Unit

6. Future Designer Laptop - ROLLTOP ROLL TOP Laptop concept by futuristic laptop designers at Orkin Design

7. Notes The Basics A computer is a The major functions of a computer are: Data vs Information:_______ is raw material such as numbers, text, images, and sounds, in a form that is suitable for storage in or processing by a computer. Also know as ______. _______ material that has been processed. Also know as ________ Software- a set of step by step instructions that tells the hardware what to do. Also called______________ Examples: Hardware- the equipment associated with a computer. The parts you can ____________ Examples: 7

8. The Language of Computers Electronic Signals Binary Digits Identify things the computer represents using binary digits Number Systems 8

9. Converting Binary to Decimal Multiply the digit by the place value Add to get the decimal number 1111 0010 9 242

10. Binary in use Colors ◦ http://www.psyclops.com/tools/rgb/ http://www.psyclops.com/tools/rgb/ Letters and symbols ◦ Encoding Schemes: ASCII and Unicode ◦ http://home.paulschou.net/tools/xlate/ http://home.paulschou.net/tools/xlate/ 10

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12. Encoding Schemes ASCII Unicode A = 01000001 a = 01100001 0 = 00110000 12

13. SAY, WRITE, DO activities 1. Compare your notes 2. Practice a.What decimal number is 1011 binary? b.What decimal number is 100100? c.Decode the ASCII symbols written as hex 57 48 4F 57 49 4C 4C 42 45 31 53 54 3F 13

14. The System Unit Box that contains the central electronic components of the computer The Motherboard ◦ CPU ◦ Memory ◦ Connections to other HW Expansion Cards and slots Drives (storage devices) and bays Ports 14 Identify 3 facts

15. Processing on the Motherboard: CPU Performance Measures ◦ Processor speed measured in hertz (Hz)  Megahertz (MHz) or gigahertz (GHz) ◦ Number of cores  Single  Dual  Quad  Eight Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.15

16. How the CPU Works Machine cycle refers to series of general steps CPU performs ◦ Fetch ◦ Decode ◦ Execute ◦ Store Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.16

17. Making CPUs Even Faster Pipelining 17Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.

18. Optical Storage Compact discs (CDs) ◦ Audio files Digital video discs (DVDs) ◦ Store more data than CDs Blu-ray discs (BDs) Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.18

19. Cloud Storage Refers to using a service to store files on a computer accessible through the Internet Types of Cloud Storage ◦ Dropbox ◦ OneDrive ◦ iCloud ◦ Google Drive Copyright © 2015 Pearson Education, Inc.19

20. Identify these Components Motherboard  holds the CPU and memory CPU - central processing unit  the brains of the system Ports  sockets that peripheral devices plug into. An interface on a computer used to connect a device Memory  holds all data and instructions for all running programs Gigabit  2 30 or approximately 1 billion bits Bus  the shared communication channel for all the components

21. SAY, WRITE, DO activities Look inside a computer Computer Parts 21

22. 1. What are the 2 main types of electronic signals? 2. What’s the computer’s most used encoding scheme? 3. What numbering system does the computer use? 4. What is the most popular port? 5. Before the advent of electronic digital computers, a computer was a. a profession b. a slide ruler c. dream d. a calculator 6. What is known as the brains of the computer? a. motherboard b. CPU c. RAM d. switch 1. Person known as the father of computers was a. Charles Babbage b. Bill Gates c. Steve Jobs d. Alan Turing 2. The first computer programmer was a woman. a. True b. False Named? 9. In the 1940's, computers were used primarily by a. industry b. consumers c. business d. government 10. Bill Gates wrote a good part of this language, originally marketed by Microsoft. A. BASIC B. Altair C. DOS D. QDOS 22