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Biology 1111K Lecture 2
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Slide 2 - particles
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Slide 3 – particle charge
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Slide 4 – Atomic symbols ElementAtomic symbol HydrogenH CarbonC PotassiumK MagnesiumMg CalciumCa
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Slide 5 – atomic mass or weight ElementAtomic mass Carbon12 Nitrogen14 Oxygen16
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Slide 6 – atomic number
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Slide 7 – periodic table
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Slide 8 - isotope
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Slide 9 – carbon 14
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Slide 10 – C 14 half-life sample Time (Y)IsotopeAmountElementAmount 0C1420N140 1500C1417.5N142.5 3000C1415N145 6000C1410N1410
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Slide 11 – energy
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Slide 12 – stored energy
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Slide 13 – electron shells
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Slide 14 – electron shells
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Slide 15 – octet rule
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Slide 16 – chemical formulas H 2 O – water - 2 hydrogen and one oxygen CO 2 – carbon dioxide - 1 carbon, 2 oxygen H 2 SO 4 – sulfuric acid – 2 hydrogen, one sulfur, and four oxygen HCl – hydrochloric acid – one hydrogen, one chlorine
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Slide 17 – chemical equation 6 CO 2 + 6 H 2 O = C 6 H 12 O 6 + O 2
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Slide 18 - compound
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Slide 19 – electron donor and acceptor
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Slide 20 - ions
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Slide 21 – covalent bonding – non-polar
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Slide 22 – polar covalent bonding
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Slide 23 – hydrogen bonding
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Slide 24 – shape of molecules
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Slide 25 – acids and bases Acids – molecules that dissociates in water and releases hydrogen ions (H+). When dissociation is complete, the acid is called a strong acid. HCl H+ and OH- H 2 SO 4 H+ and HSO 4 - Bases – molecules that either takes up hydrogen ions (H+) or releases hydroxide ions (OH-). When dissociation is complete, the base is known as a strong base. NaOH Na + and OH – Pure water is neutral since in its rare ionic form it gives off equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxide ions. H2O H+ and OH-
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Slide 26 – pH scale
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Slide 27 – carbonic acid - buffer
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Slide 28 – inorganic vs. organic molecules Inorganic moleculeOrganic molecule Usually contains positive and negative ionsAlways contains carbon and hydrogen Usually ionic bondingCovalent bonding Contains small numbers of atomsLarge numbers of atoms Associates with non-living mattersLiving matters
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Slide 29 – functional groups
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Slide 30 - isomers
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Slide 31 – organic molecules - carbohydrates
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Slide 32 – organic molecules - lipids
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Slide 33 – organic molecules - proteins
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Slide 34 – organic molecules - nucleic acids
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Slide 35 – polymers and monomers PolymerMonomer PolysaccharideMonosaccharide PolypeptideAmino acid Nucleic acidNucleotide
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Slide 36 – condensation synthesis and hydrolysis Condensation synthesis Hydrolysis
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Slide 37 – carbohydrates and monosaccharide
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Slide 38 – ribose and deoxyribose sugars
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Slide 39 - glycogen
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Slide 40 - starch
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Slide 41 - cellulose
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Slide 42 - chitin
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Slide 43 – fats and oils
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Slide 44 – glycerol and triglycerides
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Slide 45 – waxes
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Slide 46 - phospholipids
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Slide 47 - steroids Local Dog Admits Steroid Abuse
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Slide 48 – amino acids and proteins
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Slide 49 – protein structures
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Slide 50 - DNA
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Slide 51 – DNA base pairs
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Slide 52 – RNA base pairs
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Slide 53 – purines and pyrimidine PyrimidinePurine DNACytosine (C) Thymine (T) Adenine (A) Guanine (G) RNACytosine (C) Uracil (U) Adenine (A) Guanine (G)
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Slide 53 - codons
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Slide 54 - ATP
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Slide 55 – surface volume ratio
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