1. Charges

2. Electrons P+ n nucleus e-

3. Source of Electrons(Force)

4. Matter : Weight - Space Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

5. Atoms P n nucleus e- valence shell

6. Atoms Atomic Number – Number of Protons Atomic Weight – Number of Protons plus Neutrons Number of Protons EQUALS Electrons in a neutral atom

7. Ionization The process where an atom gains or loses an electron. Na + Cl - Na – Positive Ion Cl – Negative Ion

8. Charges (q) Like Charges (++ - -) q- q+ Repel

9. Charges (q) Un-Like Charges (+ -) q+q- Attract

10. Coulomb’s Law Coulomb (C) The quantity of charge on an abject. The quantity of charge on an abject. 1C = 6.25 x 10 18 e -

11. q- Coulomb’s Law

12. q1q1 q2q2 What does the force depend on?

13. q1q1 q2q2 Coulomb’s Law 1.The charge on q 1 and q 2. 2.The distance (d). d

14. q- dd2d2

15. q1q1 q2q2 Mathematical Model for Coulomb’s Law Force (F) d F ∞ q1q2 F ∞ 1/d 2

16. q1q1 q2q2 d F = q1q2q1q2q1q2q1q2 d2d2d2d2 K K = 9.0 X 10 9 N·m 2 /C 2

17. q1q1 q2q2 d=3cm d = 3cm = 3x10 -2 m K = 9.0 X 10 9 N·m 2 /C 2 q 1 = +6μC = +6x10 -6 C q 2 = +3μC = +6x10 -6 C What is the force on q 2 ?

18. F = (3X10 -2 m) 2 9X10 9 N·m 2 /C 2 (6X10 -6 C)(6X10 -6 C) q1q2q1q2q1q2q1q2 d2d2d2d2K F = 1.8X10 2 N q1q1 q2q2

19. Electric Fields Think of gravity or gravitational field to understand electric fields.

20. Electric Fields vs Gravity g

21. Electric Fields E neutral neutral ++++++++++ - - - - - - - - - -

22. Electric Fields E + + ++++++++++ - - - - - - - - - -

23. Electric Fields E - - ++++++++++ - - - - - - - - - -

24. Electric Fields A force field due to electric charges. E A force on a charge due to another chage.

25. Electric Field: Point Charge q E = kq r2r2r2r2 r

26. Force on a charge ‘q’ in an Electric Field Q q E = Fq

27. Fq NewtonCoulomb NC

31. Energy and Work

32. + - It takes work to move the “-” charge.

33. Electric Potential (Energy) Voltage + q’ q’ ΔV = Work on q’ q’ JouleCoulomb = = volt

34. Electric Potential (Energy) Voltage + q’ q’ ΔV = V B - V A VAVAVAVA VBVBVBVB “Potential Difference” Voltage

35. Electric Potential (Energy) Voltage ΔV = Fdq Eqdq E = Fq

36. Electric Potential (Energy) Voltage ΔV = Ed

37. Example Two parallel plates are given opposite charges. A voltmeter measures the electric potental differnece to be 60V. The plates are 3.ocm apart. What is the magnitude of the electric field between them.

38. - - - - - - - - - - ++++++++++ E { ΔVΔV { d ΔV=60.0VD=0.030m

39. ΔV = Ed = E ΔVdΔVdΔVdΔVd 60V 0.03m

40. 2000J/(m·C)= E 2000 N/C = E

41. Current Flow of charge! Charge - Coulomb(C) 6.24 X 10 18 electrons eeeeee ee e e eeeeee

42. Leyden Jar Conductors

43. +++ + + + - - - --- --- - - - + ++ +++ - - -

44. Capacitor A capacitor is a passive electronic component that stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field.

45. Capacitor Metal Plates Insulating Material Dielectric

46. Capacitor - + e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e- e-e-

47. Capacitor-------- + +++ + +++

49. Copper Zinc -

50. Current eeeeee ee e e eeeeee Number of electrons passing a point in a second.

51. Current Symbol - I Unit – Ampere (Amps) Amperes - A

52. Force eeeeee ee e e eeeeee Voltage Potential Difference Electromotive Force (EMF)

53. Voltage Symbol - V Unit – Volt Volt - V

54. Resistance Opposition to Current Flow High Resistance Insulator

55. Resistance Opposition to Current Flow Low Resistance Conductor

56. Resistance Opposition to Current Flow High and Low Resistance SemiConductor

57. Resistance Symbol - R Unit – Ohm Ohm - Ω

58. Putting it all Together Load Source Path

59. Homework: 1-1 Worksheet Due: 9/9/02 Test: 9/9/02