1. Green Opportunities for Manitoba’s Trucking Industry Terry Shaw Manitoba Trucking Association Bruce Duggan 50by30 & Providence’s Buller Centre for Business

2. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

3. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

4. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

5. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

6. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

7. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts 14,889 trucks 1,528,445,926 km 365 days repeat Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

8. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts 14,889 trucks 1,528,445,926 km 365 days repeat Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

9. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts 14,889 trucks 1,528,445,926 km 365 days repeat Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

10. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts 14,889 trucks 1,528,445,926 km 365 days repeat Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

11. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts 14,889 trucks 1,528,445,926 km 365 days repeat Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

12. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

13. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

14. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

15. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

16. Proposal - Elements Regulatory 1.Long Vehicle Combinations 2.New Generation Wide- Base Tires 3.Full Length Boat Tails Fiscal 1.PST exemption on aftermarket purchases 2.Grants defraying part of the cost of fuel- efficiency technologies 3.Loan guarantees or a PAYS-like program Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

17. Introduction Why are we asking for this? Significant economic and environmental opportunity Current state Environmental impacts Equipment context Industry desires Desired state How do we get there? Conclusion Green Opportunities for Manitoba's Trucking Industry

18. 100 200 300 PJ 19901995200020052010 total energy used fossil fuel energy used energy used for transportation energy used to transport freight by road Context Manitoba Energy Use Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

19. 0 3 6 9 12 Mt CO 2 e 19901995200020052010 greenhouse gases produced GHGs produced by road freight transport Context Manitoba Greenhouse Gases Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative 19901995200020052010

20. 2 4 6 8 10 billion tonne-kilometers 19901995200020052010 Context Manitoba Road Freight Transportation Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

21. 0 1 2 3 4 5 MegaJoules per tonne-kilometer 19901995200020052010 Context Manitoba Road Freight Energy Efficiency Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

22. Proposal “Opportunities to Partner with the Manitoba Trucking Industry on GHG Reduction” Prepared in response to “Tomorrow Now, Manitoba’s Green Plan”, a policy document of the Government of Manitoba. Co-authored and jointly submitted by the Manitoba Trucking Association and 50by30. Submitted April 2014 to Manitoba government Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

23. Proposal - Goal “double-green” increase potential for profit in Manitoba trucking industry by improving efficiency -reduce MegaJoules per tonne-kilometer reduce GHG emissions from road freight transportation -in Manitoba -everywhere Manitoba trucks haul freight Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

24. Proposal - Elements Regulatory 1.Long Vehicle Combinations 2.New Generation Wide- Base Tires 3.Full Length Boat Tails Fiscal 1.PST exemption on aftermarket purchases 2.Grants defraying part of the cost of fuel- efficiency technologies 3.Loan guarantees or a PAYS-like program Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

25. 2. New Generation Wide-Base Tires goal: to permit NGWBT on select MB roads all roads classified by MIT as RTAC routes -http://www.gov.mb.ca/mit/mcd/mcpd/mhcs.htmlhttp://www.gov.mb.ca/mit/mcd/mcpd/mhcs.html by “NGWBT” we mean 445 & 455, or wider Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

26. 2. New Generation Wide-Base Tires Material reviewed: Pierre et al. (2003) “Characterization and Evaluation of Tire-Roadway Interface Stresses” (a translation of “The Laval Study”) U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (2004) “Single wide-based tires” Al-Qadi et al. (2004) “Pavement damage due to different tires and vehicle configurations” Bachman et al. (2005) “Effect of single wide tires and trailer aerodynamics on fuel economy and NOx emissions of class 8 line-haul tractor-trailers” Knowles & Synectics (2008) “Analysis of the economic costs and benefits related to increasing the Ontario weight allowance for new-generation wide base single truck tires” Ponniah & Hass (2008) “Single wide-base tires in Ontario: Potential pavement damage cost analysis” Al-Qadi & Wang (2009) “Evaluation of pavement damage due to new tire designs”Evaluation of pavement damage due to new tire designs Surcel & Jokai (2010) “Evaluating components of the Canadian Trucking Alliance's enviroTruck concept” Grellet et al (2013?) “Comparison between wide base single tire and dual tires assembly based on experimental pavement response and predicted damage” Weaver et al (2011-2015) “The impact of wide-base tires on pavement damage: A national study”The impact of wide-base tires on pavement damage: A national study Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

27. 2. New Generation Wide-Base Tires variableeffect fuel efficiencyimproved resource consumptionreduced cost to truck ownerreduced waste productionreduced GHG emissionsreduced noisereduced effect on RTAC roadsmixed fatigue damage perhaps somewhat negative subgrade rutting perhaps somewhat negative top-down cracking positive near-surface cracking positive hot-mix asphalt rutting positive Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative

28. 2. New Generation Wide-Base Tires Effect on pavement, best current knowledge: Al-Qadi & Wang (2009) “Evaluation of pavement damage due to new tire designs” https://apps.ict.illinois.edu/projects/getfile.asp?id=3007 -Wide-base tire causes greater fatigue damage and subgrade rutting than dual-tire assembly » However, the relative damage ratios between various configurations at the same load decrease as the pavement thickness increases. -Wide-base tire causes less top-down cracking, “near-surface” cracking, and HMA rutting damage than dual-tire assembly -Using a wide-base 455 tire results in the least amount of pavement damage for an interstate road, slightly greater damage for a primary road, and more damage for a local road. Manitoba Trucking Efficiency Initiative