1. Bronchial
Asthma

2. Bronchial Asthma
One of the most common chronic diseases.
One of the most common cause of absentees in schools.
deaths per year world over
In India 7.24% incidence

3. Bronchial Asthma
Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of respiratory tract with hyper-responsiveness to certain irritants.
Reversible broncho-constriction
Usually episodic

4. Risk Factors Prenatal Maternal smoking Passive smoking
Stress to mother
Use of antibiotics by mother
Caesarean section

5. Risk Factors Childhood Allergens Smoke in environment Passive smoking
Exposure to animals and birds
Bottle fed kids
Family size and domestic conditions
Economic status
Infections
Boys more than girls

6. Risk Factors Adults Smoking Occupational hazards
Repeated respiratory tract infections
Allergens
Women more than men

8. Precipitating factors

11. Pathophysiology

12. Clinical features Episodic
Following upper respiratory tract infections
Exposure to allergens
Progressive dyspnea
Wheezing and rhonchi
Cough
Chest tightness

13. Investigations Pulse Oximetry ABGs X-ray Chest Eiosinophilia PEFR
Spirometry
Skin testing

17. Mild Asthma

18. Features of Serious or life threatening Asthma

19. PEFR(Peak Expiratory Flow Rate)

21. Morning Dip in PEFR

22. Treatment

23. Inhalers

24. Spacer devices

26. Nebulizer

27. Nebulizers

29. Treatment

30. Treatment

31. Managing acute exacerbation

32. Managing acute exacerbation

33. Corticosteroid use
Inhaler
Nebulized
Oral
Injectible

34. Antibiotics
Oral
Injectible NO

35. Prevention Primary Prevention: Patient awareness & Education
Lifestyle modification
Secondary Prevention:
Avoid precipitating factors
Avoid dusting when patient is around
Avoid carpets, open book shelves, stuffed toys, paints, chemicals, smoking, brooms
Avoid foods containing allergens
Maintaining a diary of events, tasks, foods

36. Silent chest
Ventilators
Cardiac Asthma