1. The Brain and Cranial Nerves
Chapter 14, part 4
The Brain and Cranial Nerves

2. Olfactory nerves (I)
Carry sensory information responsible for the sense of smell
Synapse within the olfactory bulb

3. Figure 14.21 The Olfactory Nerve
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Figure 14.21

4. cranial nerves II, III, IV
Optic nerves (II)
Carry visual information from special sensory receptors in the eyes
Occulomotor nerves (III)
Primary source of innervation for 4 of the extraocular muscles
Trochlear nerves (IV)
Innervate the superior oblique muscles

5. Figure 14.23 Cranial Nerves Controlling the Extra-ocular Muscles
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Figure 14.23

6. cranial nerves V, VI, VII Trigeminal nerves (V)
Missed nerves with ophthalmic, maxillary and mandibular branches
Abducens nerve (VI)
Innervates the lateral rectus muscles
Facial nerves (VII)
Mixed nerves that control muscles of the face and scalp
Provide pressure sensations over the face
Receive taste information from the tongue

7. Figure 14.24 The Trigeminal Nerve
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Figure 14.24

8. Figure 14.25 The Facial Nerve
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Figure 14.25a, b

9. cranial nerves VIII, IX Vestibulocochlear nerves (VIII)
Vestibular branch monitors balance, position and movement
Cochlear branch monitors hearing
Glossopharyngeal nerves (IX)
Mixed nerves that innervate the tongue and pharynx
Control the action of swallowing

10. cranial nerves X Vagus nerves (X) Mixed nerves
Vital to the autonomic control of visceral function

11. Figure 14.26 The Vestibulocochlear Nerve
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Figure 14.26

12. Figure 14.27 The Glossopharyngeal Nerve
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Figure 14.27

13. Figure The Vagus Nerve
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Figure 14.28

14. cranial nerves XI, XII Accessory nerves (XI) Internal branches
Innervate voluntary swallowing muscles of the soft palate and pharynx
External branches
Control muscles associates with the pectoral girdle
Hypoglossal nerves (XII)
Provide voluntary motor control over tongue movement

15. Figure 14.29 The Accessory and Hypoglossal Nerve
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Figure 14.29

16. SECTION 14-10 Cranial Reflexes

17. Cranial reflexes
Involve sensory and motor fibers of cranial nerves

18. You should now be familiar with:
The major regions of the brain and their functions.
The formation, circulation and functions of the CSF.
The main components of the medulla oblongata, the pons, the cerebellum, the mesencephalon, the diencephalon, and the limbic system and their functions.
The major anatomical subdivisions of the cerebrum.
The motor, sensory and association areas of the cerebral cortex.
Representative examples of cranial reflexes.