1. Muscles of Eyes Position of eye controlled by six extrinsic muscles
Oculomotor muscles
Originate on the surface of the orbit
Innervation by oculomotor nerve, Trochlear nerve, and Abducens nerve

2. Inferior rectus- eye looks down
Medial rectus- eye rotates medially
Superior rectus- eye looks up
Lateral rectus- eye rotates laterally
Inferior oblique- eye rolls, looks up and to the side
Superior oblique- eye rolls, looks down and to the side

3. Muscles of Mastication
Four muscles move the mandible at the temporomandibular joint
Innervation by Trigeminal nerve

4. Masseter,Temporalis-elevates mandible
Medial Pterygoid- elevates the mandible and closes the jaws, or moves mandible side to side
Lateral Pterygoid- opens jaws, protrudes mandible, or moves mandible side to side

5. Muscles of the Tongue
Four muscles used in combinations to move tongue for speech, manipulation of food in preparation for swallowing.
Innervation by Hypoglossal nerve
All muscles of tongue have names that end in glossus

6. Genioglossus- depresses and protracts tongue
Hyoglossus- depresses and retracts tongue
Palatoglossus- elevates tongue, depresses soft palate
Styloglossus- retracts tongue, elevates side

7. Muscles of Pharynx Eight muscles that initiate the swallowing process
Innervation by branches of Pharyngeal plexus
Divided into three groups by action
Constrictors
Elevators
Palate

8. Superior/middle/ inferior constrictor-constrict pharynx to propel bolus into esophagus
Palatopharyngeus, Salpingopharyngeus, Stylopharyngeus- elevate larynx
Levator veli palatini, Tensor veli palatini-elevates soft palate