1. 选修 6

2. The use of “it” (2) Unit 4 Grammar

3. To learn the use of the emphatic “it”

4. 在上一单元我们已经讲解了 it 在句中可以用作许多成分, 在本单元我们用图表的形式 进行复习整理使同学们对 it 的 用法有系统的掌握。

5. 性质性质 功 能功 能例 句 代词代词 用作人称 代词，代 替上文提 到的人或 事物。 — Who is it? — It’s me. You've helped me a lot; I'll never forget it.

6. 性质功 能功 能例 句 代词代词 用以代替 指示代词 this 或 that 。 — What’s this? — It’s a computer. — Whose book is that? — It's hers.

7. 性质功 能功 能例 句 代词代词 表示时 间、天 气、距 离、价 钱等。 It’s time for lunch. It’s raining hard. It’s two miles from the school to our home.

8. 引导词引导词 作形式主语, 代替由不定 式、动名词 或从句等表 示的真正主 语。 It is easy to buy a new radio. It is no use telling him that. It doesn't matter whether she comes or not.

9. 引导词引导词 作形式宾语, 代替由不定 式、动名词 或从句等表 示的真正宾 语。 I feel it my duty to help him. We thought it no use doing that. I’ve made it clear that nobody is allowed to smoke here.

10. 以上是我们用图表的形式对 it 的 用法进行的归纳，相信同学们已 经对 it 的用法有了更清晰的认识。 接下来我们对 it 在强调句中的用 法做一小结。

11. 语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽 可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或 可让学生从已学课文中找相应例 句，引导学生试着从所观察到的 语言现象中总结出语言规则和语 法规律。

12. Look at these sentences in the book. … and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. It was a scientist called Charles Keeling, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.

13. All scientists accept this data. They also agree that it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. Pay attention to the word “it”. “It” is used for emphasis.

14. … and that ___ ___ human activity ___ has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. __ ___ a scientist called Charles Keeling, ____ made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. go Ready? isit that wasIt who

15. isit that All scientists accept this data. They also agree that __ __ is the burning of more and more fossil fuels _____ has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide.

16. 1. It was about 600 years ago ___ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. that B. until C. before D. when 2. I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them

17. 强调句型中, 为了强调句子的某一成分 ( 通常是主语、宾语或状语 ), 常用结构 : It is / was + 被强调部分 + that (who) … 原句 : I met Tom in the street yesterday.

18. ① It was I who (that) met Tom in the street yesterday. ② It was Tom that I met in the street yesterday. ③ It was in the street that I met Tom yesterday. ④ It was yesterday that I met Tom in the street. 主语 宾语 时间状语 地点状语

19. 引导词引导词 表示强调, 其结构是 : It is / was + 强 调部分 + that + 原句剩余部分。此 结构只限于强调状语、主语和宾语。 注意：①如果强调的是人, 其后用 that 或 who 均可 ; ②如果强调的是物、 时间或地点等状语, 其后只能用 that 不用 where 、 when 、 why 。

20. 引导词引导词 I saw Tom here yesterday. ① It was I that / who saw Tom here yesterday. ② It was Tom that / who I saw here yesterday. ③ It was yesterday that I saw Tom here. ④ It was here that I saw Tom yesterday.

21. 引导词引导词 注意 : 若原句是 not … until 句型, 在 强调 until 部分时, 要把否定形式放入 被强调部分。例如 : He didn’t leave until l returned. = It wasn’t until I returned that he left ．

22. 强调句型强调句型 若强调谓语, 则 用 do / does / did + 动词原形, 常 译为 “ 的确 ” “ 一 定 ” 等, 该结构只 能用于陈述句或 祈使句中。引导 的强调句与其它 从句的区别在于： Do be patient! 一定要有耐心。 He does want to learn English well. 他的确想学好英语。 It was in the place that I was born. ( 强调句 ) It was the place where I was born. ( 定语从句 )

23. 易混的其它从句易混的其它从句 ① 强调句型中前 后时态应一致 ; ② 被强调的部分为 主语、宾语和状 语, 若把 it is ／ was 和 that ／ who 去掉, 剩下的词语能重 新组成正确的句 子, 而且不缺成分, 否则就是其它从 句。 It was in 1945 that World War II ended. ( 强调句 ) It was 1945 when World War II ended. ( 状语从句 ) It is a long time since I met you last. ( 时间状语 ) It is time that you went to bed. ( 定语从句 )

24. 1. Peter lent us the money. 2. They want money. 3. All this happened on Monday. It was Peter who lent us the money. It is money that they want. It was on Monday that all this happened. 根据划线部分把下列句子变成强调句。

25. 4. I didn’t hear from her until last summer. 5. Why does everyone think I am narrow-minded? It was not until last summer that I heard from her. Why is it that everyone thinks I am narrow-minded?

26. 1. It was not until 1920 _____ regular radio broadcast began. A. while B. which C. that D. since 2. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. A. There B. This C. That D. It

27. 3. I like ____ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright. A. this B. that C. it D. one 4. Someone is knocking at the door, but who can ____ be? A. one B. he C. she D. it

28. 5. Is _____ necessary to complete the design before National Day? A. this B. that C. it D. he 6. Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A. this B. that C. he D. it

29. 7. ____ worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. A. That B. It C. What D. This 8. They have made ____ a rule ____ in the room. A. this; not to smoke B. it; smoking C. it; to not smoke D. it; not to smoke

30. Review it 的用法：代词 it ；引导词 it 。 口诀：  代词 it 本意它, 既可指这又指那 ;  时间天气均可指, 谈到距离也用它 ;  假主假宾均可作, 强调句型跟 that 。 我们如何区分 it 在句中的不同成分呢 ?

32. 1. I don’t mind her criticizing me, but _____ is how she does it that I object to. (2007 江西 ) A. it B. that C. this D. which 2. It is imagination ____ makes the world colorful, full of vigor and vitality. (2007 上海春 ) A. where B. what C. that D. when Quiz I: Multiple choice.

33. 3. It _____ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ____ I found we had a lot in common. (2007 浙江 ) A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’t until; that

34. 4. It is not who is right but what is right ______ is of importance. (2007 重庆 ) A. which B. it C. that D. this 5. It was in New Zealand ____ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. (2008 全国 ) A. that B. how C. which D. when

35. 6. It was along the Mississippi River _______ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. (2008 天津 ) A. how B. which C. that D. where 7. It was not until midnight _____ they reached the camp site. (2008 重庆 ) A. that B. when C. while D. as

36. 8. It was _____ he came back from Africa that year ____ he met the girl he would like to marry. (2009 江西 ) A. when; then B. not; until C. not until; that D. only; when 9. — I’ve read another book this week. — Well, maybe ______ is not how much you read but what you read that counts. (2009 浙江 ) A. this B. that C. there D. it

37. 10. It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village ______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. (2010 安徽 ) A. where B. that C. when D. which

38. 11. John’s success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work _______ has made him what he is today. (2010 湖南 ) A. why B. when C. when D. that

39. 12. Was it on a lonely island ______ he was saved one month after the boat went down? (2011 四川 ) A. where B. that C. which D. what 13. It is not how much we do but how much love we put into what we do ______ benefits our work most. (2011 陕西 ) A. who B. which C. that D. what

40. 14. — Have you seen the film Under the Hawthorn Tree? — Of course, I have. It was in our village _______ it was made. (2011 重庆 ) A. that B. where C. when D. which

41. 15. It’s not what we do once in a while _____ shapes our lives, but what we do consistently. (2011 湖南 ) A. which B. that C. how D. when

42. 16. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic _____ Zheng He had sailed to East Africa. (2012 重庆 ) A. when B. that C. after D. since

43. 17. It was not until near the end of the letter _______ she mentioned her own plan. (2013 天津 ) A. that B. where C. why D. when 18. It was with the help of the local guide _____ the mountain climber was rescued. (2013 重庆 ) A. who B. that C. when D. how

44. 19. It was the culture, rather than the language, ____ made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad. （ 2014 福建） A. where B. why C. that D. what 20. It’s not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do ______ makes life happy. （ 2014 湖南 ) A. that B. which C. what D. who

45. Do you know about the Americans’ hygiene( 卫生 ) habits? There used to be an old joke in America _____ people should take a bath once a week, whether they need one _____ not. In fact, though, Americans generally take ___ bath, or more commonly a shower, every day. But in contrast to some cultures, most Americans get their shower in the morning, so they can start the day fresh. And instead of going to a barber shop, many Americans prefer to have their own hair ______ (do) at home. So if Americans have a “bad hair day”, they have no one to blame Quiz II: Fill in the blanks. that or a done

46. but __________. Most people in America head for the beauty salon or barber shop _____________ (occasion) for a haircut, a perm( 烫发 ) or just some friendly conversation. Americans put great value on __________ (person) hygiene. For some people, taking care of themselves has become almost a religion. As the old saying _____ (go), “Cleanliness is next to godliness( 信仰 ).” ___ is certain that being clean will bring one closer to others. Americans look down _____ the people who don’t take care of themselves, or who “let themselves go”. It themselves occasionally personal goes on

47. 1. It’s difficult to remember all their names. 2. It’s very quiet in the café. 3. It rained for three days. 4. He made it clear that he didn’t want to speak to me. 5. It was nice to meet you. 形式主语, 代替 …… Circumstance Weather 形式宾语, 代替 …… Quiz III : Discuss the following sentences and tell the function of “it”. 形式主语, 代替 ……

48. 6. It was on Tuesday that Smith came. 7. It’s three miles from here to the nearest garage. 8. A tall man stood up and shook hands. It was captain Jim. 9. I hear you bought a new bike. Can you show it to me? 用于强调句型中 Distance 人称代词，代表前面提到的人 人称代词，代表前面提到的物

49. 10. It was five o’clock when we got back home yesterday. 11. It was dirty and wet below the ship where the slaves were kept. 12. It was on this coast that lots of his people disappeared. 13. It was most likely that one third of them had lost their lives. Time Circumstance 用于强调句型 作引导词，在句中作形式主语， 代替后面的从句