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GNP AND GDP GNP – “Gross National Product” Total value of all goods and services by a country over one year. Includes facilities overseas owned by domestic companies. GDP – “Gross Domestic Product” Total value of all goods and services within a country’s borders over one year. This is a good indicator of the size of a country’s economy. Examples (2010 est.) USA – $14.5 trillion Mexico – $1.0 trillion Japan – $5.4 trillion China - $5.8 trillion Sudan - $0.07 trillion
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PER CAPITA GDP GDP per 1000 people, how “wealthy” the country is. Roughly the amount of $$$ earned per person in a political unit per year. Examples? U.S. = $47,000 Mexico = $14,000 Japan = $33,000 China = $7,500 Sudan = $2300
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4 ECONOMIC EMPLOYMENT SECTORS 1) Primary 2) Secondary 3) Tertiary 4) Quaternary
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GET STUFF Gathering raw materials – natural resources taken from the earth Example: Mining, Fishing, Farming PRIMARY EMPLOYMENT SECTOR
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MAKE STUFF Manufacturing / Industry - Adding value to raw materials by changing their form Example: Iron changed into an automobile Secondary Employment Sector
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DO STUFF Business or professional services Example: teachers, retail salespeople, doctors Tertiary Employment Sector
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THINK STUFF Provide info, research, management, etc. by highly trained personnel Engineers, researchers, scientists, software designers Quaternary Employment Sector
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A tool developed by the United Nations to measure and rank countries' levels of social and economic development - HDI is a summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development.
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HDI INDICATORS AND DIMENSIONS
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ECONOMIC STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
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INFRASTRUCTURE the fundamental structures and systems serving a country, city, or area:: transportation and communication systems, power plants, and schools
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LEAST DEVELOPED COUNTRY GDP: Nearly none – collapsed. Per Capita Income: Very Low (less than $1000/ yr) Employment Sectors: “Primary” if any at all Infrastructure: Very little to none Lack of electricity Lack of clean water Lack of roads, Airports, Ports Quality of Life: In crisis, collapsed infrastructure and economy. Examples: Afghanistan, Somalia, Haiti
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DEVELOPING COUNTRY GDP: Low Per Capita Income: Low Employment Sectors: Mostly “Primary” Infrastructure: Relatively little Lack of electricity Lack of clean water Lack of roads, Airports, Ports Quality of Life: Low, little literacy, nutrition, or medical care Examples: Burma, Jamaica, El Salvador
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NEWLY INDUSTRIALIZED COUNTRY (NIC) GDP: Low/Medium but increasing Per Capita Income: Low/Medium but increasing Employment Sectors: “Primary” shifting to “Secondary” to varying degrees Infrastructure: Increasing Things are being built as wealth increases Long process, very expensive Quality of Life: Still low in most places, but improving in many ways Examples: India Mexico
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DEVELOPED COUNTRY GDP: High Per Capita Income: High Employment Sectors: Mostly “Tertiary” and “Quaternary” Infrastructure: Strong High amount of roads, Airports, Ports Clean water systems Electricity available to all Quality of Life: High, with good nutrition, medical care, education
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WHICH PICTURE BEST FITS EACH ECONOMIC LEVEL? Picture A Picture B Picture C Picture D
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