1. Research and Leadership in the Modern Age Eamon Kelly, Ph.D.

2. Background Tulane University – President Emeritus/Professor Association of American Research Universities (AAU) – Board Chair National Science Foundation (NSF), USA – Board Chair National Center for Research on Advanced Digital and Information Technologies (Digital Promise) – Board Chair Global Center for Research on Advanced Digital and Information Technologies (Digital Promise – Global) – Board Chair National Science Commissions Rwanda Korea Others

3. Basic Concepts Rationale of conference- driving social forces Role of leadership Guiding research principles Setting research priorities Research management

4. Rationale Demographic forces Resource constrained Develop infrastructure Human Physical Financial Allocate research funds Research management efficiency Government- Political Funding ministries and donors Principle investigators

5. World Population ~ 3,000 in 75,000 BCE 1 billion in 1804 2 billion in 1927 (123 years later) 3 billion in 1960 (33 years later) 4 billion in 1974 (14 years later) 5 billion in 1987 (13 years later) 6 billion in 1999 (12 years later) 7 billion in 2012 (13 years later)

6. Leadership

7. Institutions Habits of thought Ways of doing things Education Science Diplomacy War Corruption Information Technology

8. Leadership Challenges Equilibrium Projecting needs and priorities Challenge to leadership

9. Guiding Research Principles

10. Guiding Principles Development/ Applied Sciences Focus Interdisciplinary International Information technology

11. Information Technology Nanotechnology Moore’s Law Web-based research Closing digital divide Silver bullet

12. Information Technology Collaboration 1) Local 2) Regional 3) Global Creation of “Labor Pools” Database Investigators Panelists/researchers Visiting committees M&E staff

13. Setting Research Priorities

14. Setting Priorities Government – national goals Funding agency – selects fields of investigation Institutional goals – areas of comparative advantage Principle investigator (PI) – project selection

15. Collaboration Continuing dialogue on priorities Boards Advisory Boards Visiting Committees Peer review panels Program managers Workshops International contacts Other

16. Criteria for Success in Priority Setting Autonomy of funding agency Academic freedom for the PI Collaborative approach Transparency Trust across the spectrum

17. NSF Priorities 1998-2002 Health of the Sciences STEM education Environment Nanotechnology Information technology International science and technology

18. Research Management Allocation of Resources

19. Funding Agency Autonomous and independent Strategic planning Program design capabilities Careful development Programs take time Systematic and comprehensive program evaluation

20. Principle Investigators Merit review process: 1) Well funded 2) Flexibility 3) Monitoring and evaluation High-level research objectives International collaboration

21. Principle Investigators Principles for merit review: Expert Assessment Impartiality Transparency in process Integrity and Ethics

22. Strategic Planning

23. Strategic Planning Funding Agency Mission National need Comparative advantage Goals and objectives Resource development and allocation Overcoming constraints Role of Leadership

24. Strategic Planning Principle Investigator Your own strategic plan Mission and Goals Comparative advantage Overcome constraints Time Financing Other

25. Future Research Critical Role Era of Science and Development Era of huge population growth Shortage of scientists Overcome constraints Era of global scientist