1. OCLC Online Computer Library Center © 2004 OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Inc. Using Literary Warrant to Define a Version of the DDC for Automated Classification Services Diane Vizine-Goetz Research Scientist, OCLC Research Julianne Beall Assistant Editor, DDC ISKO Conference London, 13-16 July 2004

2. 2 Exploratory Study Defining a version of the DDC –To facilitate automatic assignment of DDC numbers to electronic documents –Based on literary warrant for topics in electronic resources

3. 3 DDC for Automated Classification Machine classification service –A database of concepts used to classify a document –Software that generates a prioritized list of concepts that characterize the content of the document (Scorpion)

4. 4 Checking Literary Warrant Primary source for checking literary warrant: BUBL –Ca. 12,000 Internet resources Canadian Information By Subject –Ca. 10,000 Internet resources KidsClick! –Ca. 6,400 Internet resources

5. 5 http://bubl.ac.uk/link/ddc.html

6. 6 BUBL Site Statistics Dewey Class Number of sites Site Status ok US Sites UK Sites 5001351035927 510167366543 5201861338425 5301391116820 540118823833 55024719612730 Total992761441178

7. 7 http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/caninfo/esub.htm

8. 8 http://sunsite.berkeley.edu/KidsClick!/dewey.html

9. 9 Defining a Version of the DDC Starting point: classification numbers in Abridged Edition 14 True abridgment: the truncated number for a topic is always the same as the full number for the topic, except shorter, e.g.: –551.64 Forecasting and forecasts of specific phenomena Cut back to 551.6 Climatology and weather

10. 10 Database Record Class number Caption Superordinate hierarchy Notes that describe what is found in a class Relative Index entries Mapped terminology

11. 11 Keywords from 551.64 Added to 551.6; 551.64 Deleted Class-here note: methods of forecasting specific phenomena specific areas Relative Index entries, e.g., –Acid rainweather forecasting –Hurricanesweather forecasting –Rainweather forecasting Subject Headings for Children LCSH –StormsForecasting

12. 12 Enriching Terminology for Numbers Built from Table 1 Example: built number 520.6 520 Astronomy and allied sciences Relative Index terms that approximate the whole of 520: –Astronomy –Celestial bodies –Outer space –Spaceastronomy

13. 13 Built Number 520.6 Relative Index terms from T106, e.g.: –Associations –Organizations Combined entries for 520.6, e.g.: –Astronomyassociations –Astronomyorganisations –Astronomyorganizations –Celestial bodiesassociations –Celestial bodiesorganisations –Celestial bodiesorganizations

14. 14 Subdivisions Added or Enriched

15. 15 Added UK Spellings for Index Entries 512.7 Number theory Factorisation number theory Factorizationnumber theory Number theory Prime numbers 519.6 Mathematical optimization Mathematical optimisation Mathematical optimization Optimisationmathematical Optimization mathematics

16. 16 A14.v1 base file + UK spelling A14.v2 base file + UK spelling + SS added/enriched A14.v3 base file + UK spelling + SS added/enriched + truncation Results: Scorpion & BUBL

17. 17

18. 18

19. 19

20. 20

21. 21

22. 22 Next Steps Analyze where the truncation and the enriched terminology were useful and where not; revise the v3 database accordingly Extend approach to additional classes and projects (ePrints UK)

23. 23 Links Research : Projects : ePrints-UK –http://www.oclc.org/research/projects/ mswitch/epuk.htmhttp://www.oclc.org/research/projects/ mswitch/epuk.htm Dewey –http://www.oclc.org/dewey/http://www.oclc.org/dewey/