1. Conservation of Energy Small Changes Make a Big Difference! SVN 3M

2. Review of Energy Systems 1. An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or F

3. Review of Energy Systems 1. An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or F  True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energy

4. Review of Energy Systems 1. An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or F  True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energy 2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy released from an energy system. T or F

5. Review of Energy Systems 1. An Energy System is a device that converts one form of energy into another. T or F  True!!! Example: Lightbulb – converts electric energy into light energy; Kettle – converts electrical energy into heat energy 2. Energy Output is the total amount of energy released from an energy system. T or F  False!!! Energy Output is the amount of useful energy obtained from an energy system.

6. 3. The amount of energy that is not used in operating an energy system is referred to as ‘waste energy’. T or F

7.  True!!! Waste Energy = energy produced that is not useful in the operation of the system

8. 4. Energy Efficiency is equal to the energy input divided by the energy output. T or F

9.  False!!! Efficiency equals useful energy outlet divided by energy used. Efficiency = E output E inputX 100% E inputX 100%

10. Example: Electric Kettle E Input = 500 000 J E Output = 490 000 J Efficiency = E Output E Input X100% E Input X100% = 490 000 500 000 X 100% 500 000 X 100% = 98 J

11. 5. Most of a houses heat is lost through the roof and windows. T or F

12.  True!!! Red shows where most heat is lost → through the windows and roof - Heat is lost: - through the roof - through windows - through gaps around the door - through the walls - through the floor

13. Conservation of Energy  Conservation of Energy: the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy used  Canadians use the 2 nd most energy per capita of any country in the world, (#1 = USA)

14. Conservation of Energy

16. Conservation of Energy:  HOW??? 1. Decrease our energy usage (unplug, turn off, etc.) 2. Be more energy efficient (appliances, heating, etc.) Rely on advancing technologies (?) Increased renewable energy usage (solar, wind, etc.) Energy-efficient, environmentally-friendly buildings

17. Conservation of Energy:  HOW??? Small changes = a big difference! Small changes = a big difference! Examples: Examples: Light bulbs Energy-efficient appliances Heating & cooling our homes

18. Examples of Energy Conservation: LIGHT BULBS  CFL  compact fluorescent lamps  CFL’s are more expensive, but they are much more efficient Incandescent light = 5 to 8% converted to light (the rest is heat)  CFL’s use ¼ of the energy of standard bulbs. a 15-watt CFL produces the same amount of light as a 60-watt incandescent bulb. So, the CFL saves 45 watts for every hour the light is on!  CFLs also last longer than standard bulbs: about five years in total.  In the long run, using CFLs saves people money.

19.  A typical Ontario household consumes approximately 850 kilowatt-hours each month, about 15% of which is for lighting. The average home has about 25 light bulbs. If each household changed just one regularly used incandescent light bulb to an energy-efficient compact fluorescent light bulb (CFL), we would save enough electricity to power all homes in a large town for a whole year. One CFL bulb saves the energy of 10 incandescent bulbs FYI

20. Examples of Energy Conservation: LIGHT BULBS … FYI: A home with 30 light fixtures using incandescents uses close to $200 of electricity for lighting every year. If that same home replaced the five most-used bulbs with CFLs, it would save about $30 a year. In 2007, the Government of Canada proposed to ban non-efficient light bulbs by 2012. There are 87 million light bulbs to change in Ontario alone. Changing all of Ontario’s light bulbs over to CFLs will save about 6 million mWh per year. This is enough energy to power 600,000 homes annually!!!

21. Examples of Energy Conservation: Computer equipment, ENERGY STAR, and EnerGuide  Cathode ray tube (CRT) monitors consume about 50% of the energy used by desktop computers.  Replacing a colour CRT with a liquid crystal display (LCD) flat-screen monitor conserves between 98 and 80% of the electricity that the CRT would have used.

22. Computer Monitors: Monitor type listed in order of decreasing energy efficiency Energy efficiency compared to colour CRT monitor LCD monochrome backlit monitor consumes 2 to 5% of the electricity used by a CRT LCD flat screen monitor consumes 10 to 20% of the electricity used by a CRT Monochrome CRT monitor consumes 50 to 65% of the electricity used by a CRT

23. Efficient Appliances: Energy Star Label:  helps us buy the most energy efficient models  tells consumers they are buying something that has been tested to meet or exceed high energy efficiency levels.  There are ENERGY STAR- labelled appliances, lights, office equipment, heating and cooling equipment, electronics, windows and doors, and homes!

24. Efficient Appliances: EnerGuide Symbol  the Government of Canada’s energy- efficiency label  an official mark that is placed on products that are rated the best at being energy efficient.

25. Examples of Energy Conservation: Heating and Cooling our Homes:  accounts for about 60% of the electricity we use.  Programmable Thermostat: conserve energy by replacing manual thermostats with programmable ones. adjusts for time of day, when people are sleeping, or when no one is home. can help save at least 10% on heating bills In 2009, 42% of Canadians used programmable thermostats.

26. Examples of Energy Conservation: Heating and Cooling our Homes:  Energy Efficient Windows: Replacing old windows with energy efficient ones helps conserve energy used to heat and cool buildings. reduce energy use 7 to 12% also reduce cold air drafts and noise from outside

27. Energy Conservation:  BRAINSTORM… What Can We Do? What are some bad habits that we can break that can conserve energy? Make a list!!!

28. How do rechargeable batteries reduce energy consumption?  over 10 billion batteries are sold in North America yearly  used batteries are a threat to the environment due to their nickel cadmium, lead, and acidic contents and their need to be disposed of as hazardous waste  disposing of batteries as hazardous waste consumes a lot of energy  there is one company in North America, INMETCO, which does recycle nickel cadmium batteries, but that process too requires a lot of energy  some rechargeable batteries, however, can be charged up to 1000 times preventing thousands of used batteries from becoming waste.

29. Rechargeable Batteries  when a rechargeable battery has reached the end of its useful lifespan it can then still be recycled  a rechargeable battery helps you reduce energy consumption by minimizing waste processing  batteries can usually be dropped off for recycling at participating retailers such as Sears, The Source, Zellers, Staples, Canadian Tire, and Home Depot

30. How do smart meters reduce energy consumption?  utility companies sometimes have difficulty meeting the demands for electricity during hours of peak demand  the companies, in an attempt to distribute the use of electricity more evenly throughout the day and week, have started to charge a higher rate for electricity during the peak hours  people who research the different prices for electricity offered by their utilities provider can achieve savings by operating high energy appliances such as dryers, dishwashers, and pool pumps during the low rate hours

31. Smart meters  smart meter - lets you know when electricity demand is high or low so that you can adjust your usage accordingly  by monitoring their own electricity consumption and being aware of how much they pay at different times, most people naturally reduce their energy consumption by limiting non-essential use of electricity

32. How much energy does improved R value in insulation save?  when it comes to insulating a home it is not only the R-value of each type of insulation that needs to be considered, but also your ability to install it  if you are building a new home, you are free to choose any type of insulation and will benefit from selecting the most environmentally friendly material the builder offers with the highest possible R-value  however, for older homes, being able to install some of the insulation types in existing walls is a challenge.

33. R Value - installation  foams have a strong R-value rating and many spray foams are now being engineered from soy base in an improved environmentally friendly manner, but may require professional application  fibreglass batting insulation is much easier to install yourself but requires access to the interior of the walls, which in an older home may be difficult  although blown cellulose may not have the highest R-value, if you are just attempting to improve your current insulation and heating efficiency it may be one of the quickest and easiest to install by inserting it through small, drilled holes  retrofitting homes with improved insulation can save you money through government grants and saves energy

34. installation  an insulating material that is often not included in standard R-value charts but is very effective is straw  Straw bales approximately 40 cm thick have an incredible R-value of approximately R-50  in Ontario, there seems to be renewed interest in this very efficient, environmentally friendly, old method of insulating homes The End!!! http://images.google.ca/imgres?imgurl=http://papundits.files.wordpress.com/2009/01/jan09-power-chart1.jpg&imgrefurl=http://papundits.wordpress.com/tag/solar- power/&usg=__HC_V2TfJI42T1PJZdQsgXxBhPTg=&h=528&w=576&sz=52&hl=en&start=43&um=1&tbnid=WF- gbfLrMco6EM:&tbnh=123&tbnw=134&prev=/images%3Fq%3Delectrical%2Befficiency%2Bchart%26ndsp%3D18%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN%26start%3D36%26um% 3D1