1. 1 Basic Electronics Voltage (V or E): Potential difference between 2 points. Volts. (+) - A lack of electrons (-) – A surplus of electrons When a circuit is formed, electrons will flow to equalize out the 2 sides. Current (I): The measure of the flow of electrons. Amps. Resistance (R): Opposition to current flow. Ohms. Ohm's Law: I = V/R

2. 2

3. 3 Resistors Devices used to insert resistance, or oppose current flow. Used to limit current flow. Color codes are used to indicate the value.

4. 4 From Appendix C

5. 5 The LED LED: Light Emitting Diode Diode: Device which allows current to flow in only one direction. To operate, is must be installed correctly with respect to polarity.

6. 6 A regular LED can be damaged if current exceed 20mA (milliamps). Apply ohm's law to find the resistor size that will limit current to 20mA with a 5V supply. I = V/R

7. 7 LED Circuit Schematic

8. 8 The BreadBoard Breadboards are used to make connections between devices.

9. 9 Building the Circuit

10. 10 Pictorial or Wiring Diagram

11. 11 Code to Blink LEDs

12. 12 Task Perform Chapter 2 up to this point (page 52), including "Your Turn- Blink the other LED"

13. 13 Additional – The Speaker/Buzzer A small piezoelectric speaker is included with your kits. A frequency can be sounded on it using the FREQOUT command. FREQOUT pin, duration, frequency pin: Pin it is connected to. duration: Length of time in milliseconds. frequency: Frequency to play, measured in Hertz (Hz).

14. 14 Sound the Speaker for 1 second at 1000Hz

15. 15 Group Task Write a program that will: Display in DEBUG Window "Stop! Police!" Turn ON P12 LED Sound a tone for ½ second at 1000Hz Turn OFF P12 LED Turn on P13 LED Sound a tone for ½ second at 2000Hz Turn off P13 LED Repeat sequence

16. 16 Individual Task Develop a program to act as a "Ray Gun" movie prop. Use appropriate lights and sound sequences.