1. Political events & Sectionalism

2. Monroe Doctrine
Following 1812, the United States had a growing sense of national pride and political unity
James Monroe issued the Monroe Doctrine – said that the United States would not tolerate European intervention in the affairs of any independent nation in the Americas
Furthermore, the Americas were no longer open to colonization from European powers

3. Monroe Doctrine Cartoon

4. The American System Proposed by Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky
Protective Tariff – Britain had low priced imports, the tariff raised the price of imports to make US products more competitive
Internal Improvements - Gibbons v. Ogden – stated that Congress had the power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce – led to the building of roads & canals
Strong National Bank – 1st national bank expired in 1811, Clay asked for a second in 1816

5. Henry Clay Picture

6. The First Depression
Clay had successfully created a second national bank
In 1819 – Britain recalled US loans, therefore, US recalled American citizens loans
Panic of 1819 – led to nation’s first depression as people rushed to withdraw their money from the bank

7. The Slavery Issue
Slavery continued to be a hot button issue between the North and the South as the South believed their way of life was under attack by the North
Nat Turner’s Rebellion – Nat Turner, an African-American preacher, believed he a divine mission to deliver his people from slavery
Led a revolt in which 160 whites and blacks were killed
Abolitionist groups in the South ended and slave codes were enacted
Laws restricting the conduct and activities of slaves

8. Nat Turner Rebellion Picture

9. Election of 1824 Four man race between
South – William Crawford
North – John Q. Adams
West – Andrew Jackson & Henry Clay
Continued to show how the country was becoming more and more divided – known as ?
When Clay withdrew, he threw his support behind John Q. Adams
Clay had been promised the position of Secretary of State to do so – Corrupt Bargain

10. John Q Adams Picture

11. John Q. Adams Adams had many plans for the country:
Expand nation’s roadways
Build more canals
Promote the arts and sciences
Found a National University
Continue Tariffs
However, the division of the country continued to effect politics as they stood
Southerners and Westerners believed everything was in favor of the North *video 28*
Tariff of Abominations – new tariff signed by Adams – major reason for his defeat to Andrew Jackson in 1828

12. President Jackson
Jackson became the first man to rise from poverty to the Presidency
Jacksonian Democracy – form of politics that supports the common man *Video 21*
Voting requirements were allowed to all white men, not just the wealthy
However, Jackson also forwarded high level political positions to his friends, known as the spoils system
Ultimately led to corruption and reform in future adminstrations

13. Andrew Jackson Picture

14. Possible Succession
Tensions continued to grow – especially over Tariffs
John C. Calhoun – Senator from South Carolina, led protest against high tariffs and threatened to secede
Calhoun argued back to the Doctrine of Nullification – which is?
However, a compromise was met to cool the fire building between the two sides
Compromise of 1833 – created by Henry Clay, ended the threat of succession but could not totally halt the rising tensions that would lead to the Civil War

15. John C Calhoun Picture

16. Jackson vs. the Bank
McCullough v. Maryland – court ruled that federal government did have the power to create a national bank under the “necessary and proper” or “elastic” clause of the constitution – increased power of which view of the constitution?
Jackson hated the bank, and ordered government funds to be removed in state banks, known as Pet Banks
These banks issued loans, with more money than there was gold to back up
Inflation followed and the Panic of 1837 – the second depression

17. McCullough v. Maryland Cartoon

18. The Whig Party
Despite being the “common man,” Jackson was viewed as being more of a king than a President
In opposition of “King Andrew” the Whig Party formed – in honor of the party who had stood against King George in England
However, the Sectional divide of the country divided the Whig Party as well
1836 – Jackson’s Vice-President, Martin Van Buren was elected President *Video 23*

19. Whig Party Logo

20. 1840 Whig Party nominated 1812 war hero William Henry Harrison
From what War of 1812 battle?
First election to feature parades and fanfare
Inauguration story….

21. William Henry Harrison Picture