1. 1M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

2. Structured Analysis Focuses on what system or application is required to do. It does not state how the system should be implement. Rather allows to see the logical elements apart from physical components it uses. Elements of structured analysis include graphic symbols, data flow diagrams and a centralized data dictionary. 2M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

3. Roles and responsibilities 1. Senior managers who define the business issues that often have significant influence on the project. 2. Project (technical) managers who must plan, motivate, organize, and control the practitioners who do software work. 3. Practitioners who deliver the technical skills that are necessary to engineer a product or application. 4. Customers who specify the requirements for the software to be engineered and other stakeholders who have a peripheral interest in the outcome. 5. End-users who interact with the software once it is released for production. 3M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

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5. Process, Methods, and Tools Software engineering is a layered technology. Quality Focus: any engineering approach (including software engineering) must rest on an organizational commitment to quality. TQM and similar philosophies foster a continuous process improvement culture, and this culture ultimately leads to the development of increasingly more mature approaches to software engineering. Software engineering process: is the glue that holds the technology layers together and enables rational and timely development of computer software. Process defines a framework for a set of key process areas (KPAs) that must be established for effective delivery of software engineering technology. Software engineering methods: provide the technical how-to's for building software. Methods encompass a broad array of tasks that include requirements analysis, design, program construction, testing, and support. Software. Software engineering tools: provide automated or semi-automated support for the process and the methods. When tools are integrated so that information created by one tool can be used by another, a system for the support of software development, called computer-aided software engineering, is established. 5M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

6. Three Generic Phases of SE The definition phase : focuses on ‘what’. identify what information is to be processed, what function and performance are desired, what system behavior can be expected, what interfaces are to be established, what design constraints exist, and what validation criteria are required 6M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

7. The development phase: focuses on ‘how’. To define how data are to be structured, how function is to be implemented within a software architecture, how procedural details are to be implemented, how interfaces are to be characterized, how the design will be translated into a programming language (or nonprocedural language), and how testing will be performed. 7M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

8. The support phase: focuses on ‘change’ associated with error correction, Adaptations required as the software's environment evolves, and changes due to enhancements. The support phase reapplies the steps of the definition and development phases but does so in the context of existing software. 8M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat

9. Four types of change in the support phase: Correction(Corrective maintenance): Even with the best quality assurance activities, it is likely that the customer will uncover defects in the software. Adaptation (Adaptive maintenance ): Over time, the original environment (e.g., CPU, operating system, business rules, external product characteristics) for which the software was developed is likely to change. Enhancement (Perfective maintenance): As software is used, the customer/user will recognize additional functions that will provide benefit. Prevention(preventive maintenance): Computer software deteriorates due to change, hence this should be conducted to enable the software to serve the needs of its end users. 9M.Sc.(I.T.), VNSGU, Surat