1. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety in Estonia. from 1991 to 2005 Developments and Remarks Toomas Ernits MD Traffic Safety Department ENRA

2. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005

3. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Estonia Facts : - 45,000 km 2 - 1,36 m inhabitants - 16,400 km national roads - 1,430 km main roads

4. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Declaration about Road Safety In 2002 the RS specialists have stated: understood, predicted, and preventedWe, the participants at (the) conference, are convinced that road traffic injuries, like other health and safety problems, can be understood, predicted, and prevented. By coming together in a global alliance, we can reduce the burden of road traffic injuries, especially in resource-poor settings. –Road Traffic Injuries and Health Equity Conference The Charles Hotel, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA April 10-12, 2002

5. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Main goals Improvement of road safety at urban and rural areas. Improvement of safety for unprotected road users: pedestrians, bicyclists. Safe road use for children and elderly people. Cut down of drunk driving.

6. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Role of pedestrians in RTA Aastatel 1998-2000 jagunesid rasked liiklusõnnetused teeliikide järgi järgmiselt: - 16 % põhiteedel - 14 % tugiteedel - 18 % kõrvalteedel - 46 % linna- ja asulatänavatel (!) - 6 % KOV ja erateedel, parklates, hoovides jms.

7. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 To emphasise Lighten the result of road traffic crashes. The safe traffic of pedestrians and bicyclists. The safety on main state roads. The safety in difficult conditions: dark time, dirty, shower, snowfall etc.

8. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Action planning Organisations involved in actions Responsibilities and liabilities of several institutions –State level –Local leval Teamwork and co-ordination organisms Knowledge base about the causes of accidents and possibilities to improve the situation.

9. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Institutions involved in Road Safety promotion (state level) Government –Ministry of Economic Affairs & Communications Road Administration Estonian Motor Vehicle Registration Centre –Ministry of Education –Ministry of Finances Estonian Traffic Insurance Foundation –Ministry of Social Affaires Center for Health Promotion –Ministry of Interior Police Board Rescue Board

10. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Institutions involved in Road Safety promotion (state, cont.) Exploration organisations Tallinn Technical University Tartu University Tallinn Technical High School IB Stratum TNS EMOR Advertising agencies Media: radio, TV, newspapers, magazins Corporate enterprises –Building, maintenance, architect & designer’s offices Non profit institutions

11. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Co-operation methods Lawmaking activities Information sharing –Workgroup meetings and seminars –Meetings for decision makers –Involving of group members into international experience sharing Participation in local specialist’s training. Activities planning, financing or participation by know-how.

12. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Co-operation methods (cont.) Different specialits are involved in: Problem solution discussions and effectivness assessment. –Traffic calming –Pedestrian crossings –Crossings –Parking Realised solutions monitoring planning and assessment.

13. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Stages of development

14. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Stages 1990 – 1994 reforms and rearrangements 1995 – 1999 steady period, development 2000 – 2005 second wave of reforms

15. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 1990 -1994 Information gathering and lawmaking –1991 speed in urban areas 50 km/h Compulsory safety belts wearing on pillion (rear seat) Reorganisation of executive administration –Road safety administration Estonian Motor Vehicle Registration Centre Road Safety Board

16. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 1995 - 1999 Information gathering and lawmaking –1995 Daytime running lights –1996 Children restraints –1997 Winter (studed tyres, compulsory from Dec 1 to April 15 (May 1[from 2002])

17. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 1995 – 1999 (cont) Reorganisation of executive administration –1995 Creation of new ministry – Transport and Communications Road Administration incorporates –Road (Traffic) safety department. Responsible for traffic education and communication activities.

18. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 2000 - 2005 Information gathering and lawmaking –2001 Updated Roads Act and Traffic code Blood alcohol level for drivers 0.2 ‰ Mobile phone use without hands-free illicit Reorganisation of executive administration –2002 Ministry of Economic Affairs and Communications Regional reform started –2003 Traffic control unit re-established by Police

19. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Statistical backround

20. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Years of Life Lost YLL * Cause*) YLL 2002 Suicides6 59222,5% Intoxications6 08320,8% Road accidents5 08017,4% Assaults2 96510,1% Suffocations2 4778,5% Burnings2 2597,7% Falls1 9986,8% Drawnings1 6965,8% Explosions, shootings890,3%

21. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Trends from 1990 - 2003

22. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Causes of death in 1999* *- *- Est Satat Office ICD-10 Injuries and Intoxication

23. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Standardised data

24. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Injury statistics 1990 - 2004

25. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Killed on the roads 1990 - 2004

26. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety Program

27. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety Program development Based On the surveys, monitoring and analysis of current traffic safety situation. On the Road Safety Program designed by PHARE in 1997. On the prognosis of the traffic safety situation for ten years. On the Finnish Road Safety Program (has taken as example).

28. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005

29. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety in Estonia Causes of poor road safety level are: Unsafe road using attitudes of the population. Deferred National Road Safety Program approval. Wanting traffic education level in the schools. Deficient new drivers education.

30. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety in Estonia Causes of poor road safety level are:(cont): Lag of road traffic infrastructure development. Drivers behaviour habitudes: –Low safety devices usage habitude in the cars (back seat, children restraints). –Excessive speed and risk disregard. –High level of drunk drivers in the traffic.

31. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety Program activities Targeted on the following main directions: Unprotected road users (pedestrians, bicyclists) safety Children and elderly people safety Young and inexperienced drivers safety

32. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety Program activities Drunk driving diminishing Decreasing of consequences of the RTA Urban traffic safetyUrban traffic safety Decreasing a number of: – Dark time RTA & –Winter time RTA

33. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Stages of Road Safety Program First stage Duration 2003-2006 General amount of 212.9 mil. EEK (13.6 m€) –Application of less expensive and quickly applicable measures Second stage Duration 2007 – 2010 General amount of 279 mil. EEK (17.9 m€) –Application of measures from the 1 st stage and some more expensive measures

34. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Stages of Road Safety Program Third stage. Duration 2010 – 2015. General amount of 466 mil. EEK. (29.8 m€) –Analysis of measures in the 1 st and 2 nd stage. Application of more expensive and previously delayed measures. All the activities will be managed on the tree year sliding-scale.

35. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Program financing sources From state budget –Including road maintenance –Road Safety Program budget Other resources for traffic safety financing Local budgets International resources EU programs, EBRD Resources from private sector

36. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 RS program efficiency

37. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Local safety programs

38. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Institutions involved in Road Safety promotion (local) Institution of local governing (government or public office) County government Local RA and outside specialists Police, Fire & Rescue services Corporate enterprises Media: radio, newspapers, magazins Architects, designers, estate agents etc.

39. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Local planning Goals establishing –Measures of effectivness (criteria: no killed pedestrians, no children injured etc.) Exploration and analysis of local situation. Resources planning Local road safety development plan and program writing.

40. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Recommendations for local planning Safe environment development –Reduce noise, pollution and increase safety for the residents of different age. –Land use planning –Developing areas for sports and recreation –Health and social services planning –Education and training of population Road mintenance organisation and supervisory.

41. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Effective & advantageous traffic organisation Safety audit –To determine dangerous and problematic plases and causes of danger Solution discussing and effectivness assessment. –Traffic calming –Pedestrian crossings –Crossings –Car parking Solutions monitoring and assessment.

42. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005

43. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road safety auditing

44. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Road Safety Audit Strongly recommended MEASURE for traffic environment assessment, preceding any planning, reconstrucion or regulation exchange on the streets and roads. Provided by independent specialists or organistion. Actually this kind of work is not legally regulated in Estonia.

45. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Safety audit realisation Initiated by local authorities, state authorities (RA) or any commiter. Realised by specialist or organisation, who has no direct interest in another parts of project. Results will be discussed with three parts of project and has to be available for public opinion.

46. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Local administrations in Estonia Number of inhabitants up to* 100022 5000187 10 00021 50 00010 Over 100 0002 * - data from the year 2000

47. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Pedestrian crossing in Tartu

48. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 … in Tallinn 11 m

49. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Blackspot road map (example from Rapla County)

50. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Remarks

51. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Good things Small territory and population Enthousiasm of population Discerning decisions made at early stages of reforms Public openess to new knowledge and experience Embodiment to EU Public interest to safety issues and problems Private sector support to safety promotion

52. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Discerning decisions Road Safety administration separated from Traffic Police Independent body implemented in Road Administration structure Sufficient understandig of Road Safety issues significance at the Ministerial level Sufficient financing from 1996

53. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Co-operation Development of decision-makers network All the activities supported by research and developmental work Local specialist network support Integration with schools and private activities toward Road Safety education and information dissemination Good interaction with Police and support of campaign activities by Police enforcement

54. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Obstacles Long-drawn-out reforms Some legislation changes Mushrooming bureaucracy Limited human resources

55. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Conclusions

56. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Most important conclusions Discerning decisions at early stages Public interest to safety issues and problems Private sector support to safety promotion Sufficient understanding of Road Safety issues significance at the Ministerial level Sufficient financing from 1996 Acceptance of Road Safety program by Parliament

57. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Important conclusions understood, predicted, and prevented… that road traffic injuries, like other health and safety problems, can be understood, predicted, and prevented. Public awareness about RS could be increased by systematic campaign and information dissemination activities Good relations with journalists and media organisations must be maintained Public trustworthiness to main safety promoting authority must be undoubted

58. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 conclusions Road Safety issues need a program based approach Understanding of RS as broad complex of –Planning, engineering & management –Social, health & psychological –Legal, financial & security Issue for whole society (at the level of state, regional, local government )

59. Maanteeamet © Toomas Ernits - Arkhangelsk 2005 Thank you for the attention!