1. Shakespeare’s Genres Focus on Comedy

2. Shakespeare’s Genres Comedy Merry Wives Twelfth Night Tragedy Titus Andronicus History Henry V Romance The Tempest

3. Comedy: Jokes are Serious. Really. Safe space to deal with fears and anxieties; or, don’t try this at home Safety valve for social tensions: carnivalesque Verbal irony: saying one thing and meaning another Social regulation: laughter at someone Social regulation and release (see carnivalesque): laughter with someone

4. Safe space to deal with fears and anxieties; or, don’t try this at home If I slip on a banana and die it’s a tragedy If I slip on a banana and fall in a vat of chocolate, from which I emerge a sweet dessert but unharmed, it’s a comedy

5. Safety valve for social tensions: carnivalesque Mardi Gras -- Carnivalesque gender inversion, drinking and masking

6. Safety valve for social tensions: carnivalesque Mardi Gras -- Holiday foolery

7. Verbal irony: saying one thing and meaning another You: That’s your new hairstyle? I’m really impressed with it. You must have done it yourself. What’s really amazing is how you trimmed the back. Me: You know I paid $150 for this haircut from a stylist. That’s not nice. Does it really look terrible? No: Of course not. I was only joking! Me: It really looks bad, doesn’t it?

8. Social regulation: laughter at someone Don’t be clueless Don’t try to hard Don’t try to be inspirational in a nerdy way

9. Social regulation and release (see carnivalesque): laughter with someone We feel as one when we laugh together at our boss We feel as one when we laugh together at nerdy attempts to instill good values

10. Social regulation and release (see carnivalesque): laughter with someone Festivity: Carnival’s corollary: release from social norms > celebration of social order through happy ritual

11. Renaissance Comedy Carnival Release (disorder) Festival togetherness (social order restored). Festival is usually a marriage Comedies have happy endings Happy ending creates safe space for rehearsal of tensions, anxieties or fears Happy ending brings the society together from those tensions, anxieties or fears

12. And always remember …