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1 GM HydroGen3 Demonstration Program Raj Choudhury General Motors Corporation Metropolitan Washington Council of Governments May 23, 2006 www.gmability.com
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4 Fuel cells convert hydrogen into electricity through an “electrochemical process” 2H 2 + O 2 -> 2 H 2 O, + Electricity + Heat Hydrogen Fuel Cell Basics Very Quiet! No Exhaust! Very Efficient!
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5 Diffusion medium Bipolar plate (anode) Bipolar plate (cathode) Membrane electrode ass’y Fuel Cell Stack Typically, stack composed of 100s of cells HydroGen3’s stack puts out 94,000 Watts of electrical power
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6 Fuel Cell Power Plant vs. the “Internal Combustion Engine” Source: Scientific American Hydrogen-powered fuel cell engine: TWICEZERO TWICE the efficiency with ZERO emissions
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HydroGen3 Fuel Cell Car Fuel cell power module Hydrogen storage Traction system
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8 Shell Hydrogen Station in Washington DC First retail station in the nation to offer both gasoline & hydrogen The Benning Road Station Five Year GM–US DOE $88 Million Fuel Cell Vehicle and Infrastructure Demonstration Program
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9 Shell Hydrogen Station in Washington DC President Bush refuels HydroGen3 at Shell Hydrogen station in Washington, DC (May 25, 2005)
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10 US Mail delivery in Washington, DC area (2004-06) 497,122 pieces of US Mail delivered in the first 19 months of the Program GM – Government Demo Programs GM also has programs with the US Military, and has just concluded one with DC DOT EPA Demo Program (2005-06)
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11 Where do we get the hydrogen? Oil Natural Gas Coal Carbon-based Nuclear Renewable Biomass Hydro Wind Solar Hydrogen CH 4 + H 2 0 CO + 3H 2 CO + H 2 O CO 2 + H 2 2H 2 O 2H 2 + O 2 R eforming E lectrolysis R R R R E E E E
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13 Hydrogen can help with….. Hydrogen Petroleum DependenceTrade Balance Global Climate Change (CO 2 ) Local Air Quality PM, HC, CO NO x, SO x CO 2, N 2 O, CH 4
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14 Cost (of the fuel cell system) Hydrogen storage (since that determines driving range) Commercialization Challenges (it does no good if we can’t sell in high volumes…) “ Infrastructure ” (namely, where do I refuel?)
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16 World’s first drivable hydrogen powered fuel cell / by-wire vehicle (2002)
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17 Skateboard, Anyone??
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18 Inside the cockpit….
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20 - 0 to 60 mph < 10 seconds - 300 mile range - 10,000 PSI compressed H 2 - By-wire controls - electric all-wheel drive - 11 inch “skateboard” GM “Sequel” (2005) So, you see, in addition to being COMPLETELY CLEAN and VERY EFFICIENT, Hydrogen & Fuel Cells can also lead to VERY EXCITING new vehicles !!
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21 Independence - Energy Independence Security & Diversity - Energy Security & Diversity Air Pollution - Reducing Air Pollution Global Warming Emissions - Reducing Global Warming Emissions Public Health - Protecting Public Health Jobs - Creating Jobs - Cars with performance & features beating expectations Industry-Government partnership can play a key role in facilitating the commercialization of hydrogen and fuel cell technology Key Drivers
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22 For more information please see www.gmability.com www.hydrogen.gov
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