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Published byRobyn Elliott Modified over 9 years ago
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Europe in 1800
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The Rise of Napoleonic France: aNov. 1799 Napoleon overthrows the Directory aDec. 1799 French voters overwhelmingly approve Napoleon’s new constitution. a1800 Napoleon founds the Bank of France a1801 France defeats Austria and acquires Italian & German territories in the Treaty of Lunéville ; Napoleon signs Concordat with the Pope1801 a1802 Napoleon named consul for life; France signs Treaty of Amiens with Britain aNov. 1799 Napoleon overthrows the Directory aDec. 1799 French voters overwhelmingly approve Napoleon’s new constitution. a1800 Napoleon founds the Bank of France a1801 France defeats Austria and acquires Italian & German territories in the Treaty of Lunéville ; Napoleon signs Concordat with the Pope1801 a1802 Napoleon named consul for life; France signs Treaty of Amiens with Britain
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The Rise of Napoleonic France (cont.): aDec. 1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor; enacts Civil Code of laws (Code Napoleon)Dec. 1804 aOct. 1805 Britain defeats the French and Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar aDec. 1805 Napoleon defeats Austria and Russia at the Battle of Austerlitz a1807 Napoleon redraws the map of Europe in the treaties of Tilsit a1810 Napoleon’s Grand Empire reaches its height1810 aDec. 1804 Napoleon crowns himself emperor; enacts Civil Code of laws (Code Napoleon)Dec. 1804 aOct. 1805 Britain defeats the French and Spanish fleet at the Battle of Trafalgar aDec. 1805 Napoleon defeats Austria and Russia at the Battle of Austerlitz a1807 Napoleon redraws the map of Europe in the treaties of Tilsit a1810 Napoleon’s Grand Empire reaches its height1810
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Napoleon Crossing the Alps – Two Versions Paul Delaroche (1848)Jacques Louis-David (1800)
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“Consecration of the Emperor Napoleon & the Empress Josephine,” 1806 by David December 2, 1804
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“Napoleon on His Imperial Throne” 1806 By Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres “Napoleon on His Imperial Throne” 1806 By Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres
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The Imperial Image
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Napoleon’s Grand Empire in 1810
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Napoleon’s Family Rules! eJerome Bonaparte King of Westphalia. eJoseph Bonaparte King of Spain eLouise Bonaparte King of Holland ePauline Bonaparte Princess of Italy eNapoléon Francis Joseph Charles (son) King of Rome eElisa Bonaparte Grand Duchess of Tuscany eCaroline Bonaparte Queen of Naples
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German Caricature of Napoleon 1813 J. M. Voltz German Caricature of Napoleon 1813 J. M. Voltz
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How should History view Napoleon? Enlightened Despot Cruel Dictator
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The Age of Napoleon (1799-1814) DICTATORENLIGHTENED eBank of France (1800) eCivil Code (1804) eConcordat of 1801 eAmnesty for émigrés eDisillusioned Revolutionaries recruited as prefects, mayors & gov’t ministers eLycée system of schools eEfficient tax system (no exemptions) eUse of propaganda eNo real elections eWomen lost rights eTrade unions banned eCivil liberties reduced eCensorship newspapers closed eSecret police (Fouché) eSubversive citizens detained w/o trial eArmies viewed as invaders not liberators
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The Downfall of Napoleon: a1806-7 Napoleon puts the Continental System into effectContinental System a1808 Napoleon puts brother Joseph on Spanish throne; begins the Peninsular War (a.k.a. “The Spanish Ulcer”)Peninsular War aJune 1812 Napoleon invades Russia with 600,00 menRussia aFall-Winter 1812 Napoleon makes disastrous retreat from Russia a1806-7 Napoleon puts the Continental System into effectContinental System a1808 Napoleon puts brother Joseph on Spanish throne; begins the Peninsular War (a.k.a. “The Spanish Ulcer”)Peninsular War aJune 1812 Napoleon invades Russia with 600,00 menRussia aFall-Winter 1812 Napoleon makes disastrous retreat from Russia
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The Downfall of Napoleon (cont.): aMarch 1814 Russia, Prussia, Austria & Britain form the Quadruple Alliance to defeat France. aApril 1814 Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to ElbaElba aFeb. - June, 1815 Napoleon escapes from Elba & rules France for 100 days.100 days aJune 18, 1815 Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo Battle of Waterloo a1815 - 21 Napoleon exiled to St. Helena where he diesSt. Helena aMarch 1814 Russia, Prussia, Austria & Britain form the Quadruple Alliance to defeat France. aApril 1814 Napoleon abdicates and is exiled to ElbaElba aFeb. - June, 1815 Napoleon escapes from Elba & rules France for 100 days.100 days aJune 18, 1815 Napoleon is defeated at the Battle of Waterloo Battle of Waterloo a1815 - 21 Napoleon exiled to St. Helena where he diesSt. Helena
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The Continental System
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“ Third of May, 1808” by Goya (1810)
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Napoleon’s Retreat from MoscowRetreat Napoleon’s Retreat from MoscowRetreat 100,000 French troops retreat—40,000 survive!
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Napoleon in Exile on Elba
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“The War of the 7 th Coalition” Britain, Russia. Prussia, Austria, Sweden, smaller German states France 1815: Napoleon’s “100 Days” eNapoléon escaped Elba and landed in France on March 1, 1815 the beginning of his 100 Days. eMarie Louise & his son were in the hands of the Austrians. eNapoléon escaped Elba and landed in France on March 1, 1815 the beginning of his 100 Days. eMarie Louise & his son were in the hands of the Austrians.
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Napoleon’s Defeat at Waterloo (June 18, 1815)Waterloo Napoleon’s Defeat at Waterloo (June 18, 1815)Waterloo Duke of Wellington Prussian General Blücher
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Napoleon on His Way to His Final Exile on St. Helena
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Napoleon’s Residence on St. Helena
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