1. Test Prep Questions
Chapter 2

2. Yumi and Maria conducted research on whether or not there were differences in body image between Japanese and American teenagers. Which of the following perspectives would best inspire their research?
Sociocultural view
Behavioral view
Cognitive view
Humanistic view
Psychodynamic view

3. If a study is conducted through empirical investigation, this means…
A) It is conducted in a research laboratory.
B)It is conducted only by a psychologist who is a trained Ph.D.
C) It is based on careful measurements and direct observation.
D)It is conducted in a natural setting
E) It is based on a person’s individual experience in the world.

4. Based on his classroom experience, Dr
Based on his classroom experience, Dr. McGinty believes that those sitting in the front row of a classroom get higher grades than those sitting in rows further back. His belief is an example of …
Hypothesis
Theory
Independent variable
Correlation coefficient
Dependent variable

5. The independent variable …
Is what one is trying to measure in a study
Must be testable
Is the condition that the researcher manipulates
Is the group that receives no treatment
Is the group that receives treatment

6. 5. Randomization… Ensures that studies can be replicated
Is a good way to define the dependent variable
Is difficult to achieve in research
Must be used with great caution
Reduces experimenter bias

7. 6. How are a sample and the population in an experiment different from one another?
The sample is a smaller representation of the population
The population is a smaller representation of the sample
The population consists of the individuals actually participating in the experiment
The population must be chosen randomly
A sample is made up of a small number of individuals; the highest number of individuals in a sample is ten

8. 7. A correlation coefficient reflects the…
Type of research conducted
Relationship between two variables
Number of groups (or individuals) studied
Accuracy of the results
Amount of change that occured

9. 8. If you could measure height of each student in your psychology class and the amount of money that each person has in his or her pockets right now, you would expect to find…
A zero correlation
A positive correlation
A negative correlation
That taller people have more money
That shorter people have more money

10. 9. If a researcher wanted to find out college students’ political opinions, which of the following methods of research would be most appropriate to gather this information?
Experiment
Case study
Survey
Correlational study
Naturalistic obersvation

11. 10. Susan wants to see if pedestrians obey the cross walk lights that indicate when it is safe to cross or when they should wait on the sidewalk. Which of the following methods of research would be most appropriate for this study?
self-report measures
Naturalistic observation
Conditioning
Introspection
A double-blind study

12. 11. If a researcher wanted to conduct a study to determine if people’s intelligence remained the same over the course of their life span, which approach would give the best data?
Survey
Cross-sectional study
Longitudinal study
Naturalistic observation
Cohort-sequential study

13. 12. Keeping participants uninformed about the real purpose of a study makes them…
Less likely to experience unconscious motivation
Less likely to perform to the researchers’ expectations
More likely to engage in introspection
More likely to use a psychoanalytic perspective
More likely to know why the research was done

14. 13. ____________variables are changeable factors that could distort the results of an experiment and be confused with __________
treatment; hypothesis
Subject; dependent variables
Confounding; dependent variables
Confounding; independent variables
Treatment; placebo control

15. 14. Some people believe money can buy happiness. Dr
14. Some people believe money can buy happiness. Dr. Goodwin wants to determine whether paying people plays a role in happiness. The level of happiness would be considered the
Experimental variable
Confounding variable
Dependent variable
Independent variable
Control variable

16. 15. ___________must be stated in terms of how the concepts are to be measured and what techniques will be employed to produce them.
Operational definitions
Theories
Personal biases
Dependent variables
Control groups

17. Answers A C E
7) B 8)A 9) C 10) B 11) C 12) B 13)D 14)C 15) A