1. Tools & Measuring Instruments
Ag Mechanics

2. Shop Tools
Quality tools recommended by the manufacturer should be used when servicing a small gas engine,
Makes service easy and effective and prevents damage to parts
Common shop tools include
Wrenches Punches Hammers
Piers Chisels
Screwdrivers - Measuring Instruments

3. Wrenches
There are many types of wrenches, and it is important to use the correct tool when faced with a decision of which would be best.
Box end, open end, adjustable, and socket type wrenches should be used on hexagon bolts and nuts
Which is better to use if you can encompass the entire bolt head, an open or closed end wrench?

4. Identify These WrenchesA. B. C. D.

5. Identify These WrenchesA. B. C. D.
Combination Wrench
Open End Wrench
Adjustable Wrench
6 Point Socket & Ratchet Handle

6. Wrenches
An adjustable wrench should be used as a last resort when other wrenches are not available.
Adjustable wrenches are prone to loosening and slipping around the corner of bolts and nuts
A torque wrench is used to tighten threaded fasteners to a specific torque setting.
Torque is the turning force applied to the fastener

7. Pliers
Pliers are useful for gripping, bending, pulling, and cutting wires.
THEY SHOULD NOT BE USED IN PLACE OF WRENCHES

8. Identify These Pliers A. B. C. D.

9. Answer A. B. C. D. Water Pump Pliers Slip Joint Pliers Lineman Pliers
Needle Nose Pliers

10. Screwdrivers
Screwdrivers are available in a variety of shapes and sizes.
Standard and phillips variety
The proper size blade should be used to match the length and thickness of the screw head slot
Offset screwdrivers can be used in tight situations.

11. Identify These ScrewdriversA. B. C. D.

12. Identify These ScrewdriversA. B. C. D.
Standard Screwdriver
Stubby Screwdriver
Offset Screwdriver
Phillips Screwdriver

13. Punches Many types of punches are used for small engine work
Center punch
Has a point on the end, used to make depression in metal surfaces before drilling
Prick punch
Same as above, but the point is 60 degrees to leave a small depression prior to using the center punch
Pin punch
Used to drive pins
Drift punch
Used to align holes in mating parts

14. Identify These PunchesA. B. C. D.

15. Identify These PunchesA. B. C. D.
Center Punch
Drift Punch
Pin Punch
Prick Punch

16. Measuring Instruments
High quality measuring instruments should always be used when servicing a small gas engine.
Measurements are made to determine if parts are within specific limits or if adjustments are needed.
Calipers
Used to measure the diameter or thickness of an object
Inside or outside
Micrometers
Precision instrument designed to accuratley measure engine parts

17. Identify These Measuring ToolsB. C. D.

18. Identify These Measuring ToolsB. C. D.
Micrometer
Outside Caliper
Inside Caliper
Feeler Gauge

19. Parts of a micrometer
To understand how to take a reading from a micrometer, we need to know the parts.
Anvil
Spindle
Sleeve
Frame
Thimble

20. This is a English micrometer
sleeve
thimble
anvil
spindle
frame

21. Steps to Reading a micrometer
Lightly tighten on object.
Determine smallest measurement when micrometer is closed.
Find largest visible number on sleeve and multiply times
Count number of marks past largest visible number on sleeve and multiply times
Multiply thimble reading times
Add all numbers to get answer.

22. Now, an example...
Smallest Measurement
Largest sleeve reading 15 17 16 14 13 18 19 18 17
0.000 16 15 14 13
0.300
0.025
0.016
0.341 inches
One mark past
largest sleeve
reading
Thimble Reading

23. Another example... 0 1 2 3 4 Smallest Measurement
Largest sleeve reading 20 19 18 17 16 24 23 22 21 20 15
3.000
0.400
0.075
0.021
Thimble Reading
Three marks past largest sleeve reading
3.496 inches

24. Review... Lightly tighten on object.
Determine smallest measurement when micrometer is closed.
Find largest visible number on sleeve and multiply times
Count number of marks past largest visible number on sleeve and multiply times
Multiply thimble reading times
Add all numbers to get answer.