1. Histology Laboratories James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD
Molecules to Systems
2003
Compiled by
James D. Jamieson, MD/PhD
Thomas L. Lentz, MD
No part of this image collection may be distributed outside of the Yale University Intranet.

2. Acknowledgements Sources of Micrographs, Diagrams and Figures
Alberts, B. et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. 4th Edition, Garland Science, New York, 2002.
Gartner, L. P. and Hiatt, J. L. Color Atlas of Histology, Williams & Wilkins, Baltimore, 1994.
Kerr, J. B. Atlas of Functional Histology. Mosby, London, 1999.
Kessel, R. G. and Kardon, R. H. Tissues and Organs: a text-atlas of scanning electron microscopy. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1979.
Lentz, T. L. Cell Fine Structure. W. B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 1971.
Lodish, H. et al. Molecular Cell Biology. W. H. Freeman, New York,
Mizoguti, H. Color Slide Atlas of Histology. Nihon Shashin Shinbunsha, Tokyo.
Young, B. and Heath, J. W. Wheater’s Functional Histology. Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh, 2000.
Micrographs taken by George Palade, Marilyn Farquhar, James D. Jamieson, Nicolai Simionescu, Maya Simionescu, David Castle, Thomas L. Lentz.
Web Resources
Cushing Library Educational Software/Cell Biology/Several Histology Resources

3. Urinary System Laboratory

4. Some Handy Abbreviations
G: glomerulus
PCT: proximal convoluted tubule
tDL: thin descending limb of Henle
tAL: thin ascending limb of Henle
TAL: thick ascending limb of Henle
DCT: distal convoluted tubule (similar to TAL)
CT: connecting/collecting tubule
CD: collecting duct
MD: macula densa
AA: afferent arteriole (in)
EA: efferent arteriole (out)

5. Cortex BV RT G CD
Medulla
Renal Cortex and Medulla
Vasa recta

6. Organization of Renal Pyramid

7. The Nephron

8. Renal Tubules

9. Renal Corpuscle
(Glomerulus, afferent and efferent arterioles, Bowman’s capsule, beginning of proximal convoluted tubule)

10. Corpuscle/Glomerulus
Diagram of Renal
Corpuscle/Glomerulus

11. Renal Corpuscle/Glomerulus

12. Development of Renal Corpuscle

13. PCT CD G
DCT
Renal Corpuscles

14. Bowman’s space G
Bowman’s capsule
parietal layer
visceral layer
PCT
Renal Corpuscles

15. MD
Vascular pole
Bowman’s capsule
parietal layer
visceral layer G
Bowman’s space
PCT
Urinary pole
Renal Corpuscle

16. Podocytes
Bowman’s capsule
parietal layer
visceral layer
PCT
Bowman’s space
(urinary space)
Mesangial cells
DCT
Renal Corpuscle

17. Beginning of PCT
Urinary Pole of Renal Corpuscle

18. Glomerular Filter

19. Bowman’s space
Lumen of glomerular capillary
Podocyte
Foot processes of podocytes
Fenestrae
Urinary space
Urinary space
Glomerular BM
Fenestrated Capillaries in Glomerulus

20. Podocyte
FS: filtration slits
Glomerulus

21. Filtration slits
with diaphragms
Capillary space
Urinary space
Components of
Glomerular Filter

22. Scanning EM of Glomerulus
Foot processes
Filtration slits

23. Renal Tubules in Sequence
Proximal Convoluted Tubules (PCT): Epithelium: brush border; basal infoldings
Loop of Henle: straight portion of PCT (or thick descending limb) (TDL)>thin descending limb (tDL)>loop>thin ascending limb (tAL)>straight portion of DCT (or thick ascending limb) (TAL)
Epithelium: Simple squamous epithelium on thin segments; epithelium similar to PCT and DCT on thick segments
Distal Convoluted Tubule: Continuous with TAL>macula densa>DCT
Epithelium: No brush border, numerous mitochondria
Collecting Tubule: Epithelium: cuboidal
Collecting Duct: Epithelium: cuboidal

24. Brush border
Proximal Convoluted Tubule

25. Brush border
Proximal Convoluted Tubule

26. M: mitochondria
Mv: microvilli of brush border
Proximal Convoluted Tubule

27. PCT
Vasa recta T T CD
Thin Walled Tubules of Loop of Henle

28. VR
TAL tL
TAL tL CD
Relationhship Between CD, TAL, tL and Vasa Recta (VR)

29. Basolateral infoldings with mitochondria
Distal Convoluted Tubule

30. Distal Convoluted Tubule
Basolateral infoldings with mitochondria; few microvilli
Distal Convoluted Tubule

31. Collecting Ducts, LS

32. Collecting Ducts, XS

33. Site of urine outflow at renal papilla
Renal pelvis
Apex of Renal Pyramid

34. Countercurrent Multiplier

35. Countercurrent Multiplier

36. Countercurrent Multiplier

37. Juxtaglomerular Apparatus and Control of Blood Pressure and Volume

38. JGA and Control
of Blood Pressure

39. Diagram of JG Apparatus

40. AA: afferent arteriole
J: juxtaglomerular cells
MD: macula densa
DCT: distal conv. tubule
JG Apparatus

41. DT
JG Apparatus: Mg, mesangial cells; P, podocyte; JC, juxtaglomerular cells with secretory granules containing renin (arrowheads)

42. Ureter, Bladder and Urethra

43. Transitional epithelium
Smooth muscle
Ureter

44. Transitional epithelium
Relaxed Bladder

45. Distended Bladder

46. Male Urethra: transitional > stratified columnar epithelium

47. Some Pathology

48. Normal Glomerulus and Tubules
PAS stain for basement membrane glycoproteins.

49. Diabetic Kidney
PAS stain. What component of the filtration apparatus might you see altered in an EM?

50. Membranous Glomerulonephritis
What structure is the membranous change affecting? The next EM taken at biopsy cinches the diagnosis.

51. Membranous Glomerulonephritis
Where is the pathology occurring? May be linked to chronic diseases and the immune system. What might the dark blobs be?
Hint: look at the next immunofluorescence picture stained for IgG.

53. Minimal Change Disease
What is the most obvious change in this EM? EM is used routinely to diagnose kidney diseases.

54. Acute Pyelonephritis.
Where is the infection located?

55. Renal cortex after drinking antifreeze.
What is the main target of ethylene glycol and what might the patients’s urine show?

56. Transplantation Rejection
What does the histologic picture tell you about what went wrong?