4. Look ! Our pride

6. What is an invention? An invention is a new thing that someone has made. Edison was a great inventor, he invented more than 2,000 inventions in his life.

7. What is this ？ Is it an invention ? When was it invented ? It was invented in 1903. 1903

8. 1971 What is it ? It is a calculator. When was it invented ? It was invented in 1971.

10. 1a.Look at these inventions. When were they invented ? What was invented earliest ?What was invented later? Number them in order. Let’s discuss. Useful expressions: I think the calculator was invented before the computer. I think the calculator was invented after the computer.

11. What’s the right order ? Let’s come to 1b. Look at the following numbers. Let’s learn to read them first.

12. 1976 1971 1876 1927 1885

13. Listen and match the inventions with the dates. a b c e

14. Let’s come to 1c. Make up dialogues Sample dialogue:

15. When was the telephone invented? I think it was invented in 1876.

16. 1876 1885 1927 1971 1976 1 2 3 4 5 Work in pairs.

17. Key phrase: Sb invent sth ( 主动语态 ） Sth be invented by sb ( 被动 语态 ）

18. . 主动语态与被动语态： 英语动词有两种语态, 即主动语态 (The Active Voice) 与被动语态（ The Passive Voice) 。 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 ; 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着。 e.g. 1.They make trains in Zhuzhou. Trains are made in Zhuzhou. 2.The farmers grow cotton every year. Cotton is grown by the farmers every year. 主动语态 被动语态 主动语态 被动语态

19. e.g Many people speak English. English is spoken by manypeople. 主动语态变被动语态的步骤： 1 、主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语； 2 、主动句的谓语动词变为被动结构； 3 、主动句的主语变为被动句的宾语，由 by 引出， 当不强调动作的执行者时，常省略。 4. 其它成分不变。

20. 变被动语态时需要注意的事项 一变 二套 三注意 宾变主，主变宾，宾语前面 by 紧跟，谓语动词变过分，不忘 前面 be 词跟 套时态，主动被动时态同 注意：主语人称数变化. 主谓 一致大问题。

21. 各种时态的被动语态的构成： 1. 一般现在时态 am/ is/ are + 过去分词 (be + done ) 2. 一般过去时态 was/ were + 过去分词 (be + done ) 3. 一般将来时态 will be + 过去分词 ( will be done ) 4. 现在完成时态 have/ has +been+ 过去分词 (have/has been done) 5. 含情态动词的 情态动词 + be+ 过去分词 (can/must be done) )

22. 所有时态的被动语态否定试就是在 最前面的助动词 /be/must 等后加 not 疑问句就是把最前面的助动词 /be/must 等提前。 Many trees will not be planted in future. Will many trees be planted in future ?

23. 把下列的句子变为被动语态的句子： 1 、 They speak English in Canada. 2 、 People used wood for making tables. 3 、 They have made computers in the USA. English is spoken in Canada (by them). Wood was used for making tables. Computers have been made in the USA. 把被动句变否定 Computers haven’t been made in the USA.

24. 4 、 They have grown rice in South China. 5. We must plant more trees next year. 6.I am going to clean our classroom tomorrow. More trees must be planted next year. Our classroom is going to be cleaned tomorrow. Rice has been grown in South China. 把被动句变疑问. Has rice been grown in South China ？

25. 变被动语态的特殊情况 一、双宾语 buy/make sb sth=buy/make sth for sb give sb sth=give sth to sb 1.My father bought me a computer. A computer was bought for me by my father. I was bought a computer by my father. 2.He gives me a book. A book is given to me by him. I am given a book by him Sth+be+ 过去分词 + to /for sb+ by sb. Sb + be+ 过去分词 sth + by sb

26. 二、无 to 不定式 一感 二听 三让 四看 feellisten to.hear Let/have/make watch/ see/look at/notice 变为被动时加上 to eg. We often see him play basketball. He is often seen to play basketball by us. The boss made the children work for long. The children were made to work for long by the boss.

27. 三、注意动词短语的 常考到的动词短语有 完整性 take care oflook after listen tospeak to eg. 1.We should speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely. 2. The nurse takes good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by the nurse.

28. 四、无被动语态的动词。 不及物动词及系动词 happentake place die risecome true come out eg.1. An accident (happen) just now. happened 2. I’m sure that my dream. (come true) some day in the future will come true

29. 常用的被动语态短语 be made of from into be used to do for doing as 由 -- 制成的 看出原材料 看不出原材料 原材料制成成品 be filled with be covered with eg. 1.Paper is made wood. from 2.Tables are made wood. 3.Wood is made paper and tables. of into 被用来 -- 被用作 用 -- 充满 被 -- 覆盖

31. Talk about the picture. 1 When :1971 Who :Bell Usage :talk with people

32. Who was sth invented by ? 1. Gina invented A. S1: Who was A invented by ? S2: It was invented by Gina. 2.Jim invented B. S1: Who was B invented by ? S2 : It was invented by Jim.

33. What is/are … used for? It’s/They’re used for… take photos keep off rain open the door cut things study tell time

34. Who :Karl Bens when :1885 Usage :travel A: Who was the car invented by ? B: It was invented by Carl Bens. A: When was it invented ? B: It was invented in 1885. A: What is it used for ? B: It is used for travelling.

35. What :abacus When :in the 6 th century Who : Chinese Usage :calculat What : telescope When : 1609 Who : Galileo Usage : watch stars

36. high heels adjustable heels adjustable 可调整的

37. ice cream scoop heat 加热 scoop

38. slippers a battery batteries operate 操作

39. Who were they invented by? What are they used for? adjustable 可调整的 operate 操作 heat 加热

40. Listening Listen and number the inventions in the order that you hear.

41. 2a 3 1 2

42. Invention Who was it/were they invented by? What is is/are they used for? shoes with adjustable heels Chelsea Lanmon scooping really cold ice cream battery- operated slippers Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth seeing in the dark heated ice cream scoop Julie Thompson changing the style of the shoes

43. Listen again and fill in the blanks with the words you hear. 2b

44. A: What are those ? B: They are battery– operated slippers. A: ______ are they used for ? What B: They ___ ____ for seeing in the dark. A: That’s cool! ____ were they invented ____? B: Julie Thompson. And look at this heated ____ _____ _______. A: I know what it’s for. It’s used for _________ out really cold ice cream. are used Who by cold ice cream scooping

45. B: Right. It ____ ________ by Chelsea A: My favorite are those shoes with ________ heels. You know – you can move the heels ____and______ updown. They were invented ___ Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth. wasinvented adjustable by B: And what are they used for? A: Well, you can change the ____ of your shoes. You can ______the shoes go from casual to dressy. Lanmon style make

46. shoes with adjustable heels What are they? Who were they invented by? Jayce Coziar and Jamie Ellsworth changing the style of the shoes. What are they used for? Practice:

47. battery-operated slippers Julie Thompson seeing in the dark What are they? Who were they invented by? What are they used for?

48. heated ice cream scoop Chelsea Lanmon scooping cold ice cream What is it? Who was it invented by? What is it used for?

50. What’s it ? A: What do you think of this invention ? B: I think it is the most useful invention. Because we can use it to get information that we need.

51. alarm clock B :It’s an annoying invention. Because it wakes me up when I’m sleeping. A: How do you like this Invention ?

52. Henry Ford Edison Bell Ts’ai Lun( 蔡伦 ) Wright brothers fisher inventors inventions Papermaking Plane Washing machine Light bulb Car Telephone Many inventors invented lots of inventions. Some are useful. Others are annoying. Look at the inventions below.Are they useful or annoying ? Match the two columns and discuss.

53. How many other inventions can you think of ? Inventions computer games plane cigarettes car ice cream train washing powder microwave war weapon( 武器） television

54. 3a.Fill the chart on page70

55. A survey: What do you think is the most helpful/annoying inventions? NameHelpful inventions WhyAnnoying inventions why 3b.Pairwork and fill the chart below.

56. Challenge your thinking What would you do if you are alone on a tiny island? Choose five inventions you would like to have on the island with you. Tell the group what you chose and why. A: I’d like to have some matches because I could light a fire to keep warm. B: Yes, but that’s not going to help you leave the island. I think it would be better to have a mobile phone.

57. What would you choose if you were on the island alone? Matches Food Clothes Telephone Mp3 Money

59. Warming up List some kinds of food and describe their tastes.

60. sour, sweet lemon

61. ice cream sweet ， cold

62. pleasant smell tea

63. potato chips crispy, salty

64. 1a sweet crispy salty sour Fill in the blanks with words in the box. sour sweet crispysalty sweet

65. salty ________________________ 1b Write the name of a different food after each word. sour ________________________ crispy _______________________ sweet _______________________banana candy apple biscuit potato chips vinegarlemon

66. 1. The potato chips were invented by mistake. 2. They were invented in 1863. 3. The customer thought the potatoes weren’t thin enough. 4. The customer said they weren’t salty enough. 5. George wanted to make the customer happy. 6. The customer was happy in the end. Listen and circle “T” or “F”. 2a TF T T T T T F F F F F

67. 2b Listen again and complete the sentences. The history of chips _____________ that potato chips were invented by mistakes? Chips _____________ by a chef called George Crum. They were invented in ______.George Crum cooked them for a long time until they ___________. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were ___________. (1) (5) (3) (4) (2) Did you know were invented 1853 were crispy really salty

68. Tapescripts Boy 1 : Hey, did you know that potato chips were invented by mistake? Boy 2 : Really? What do you mean? Boy 1: Well, here on the bag it says that they were invented by a chef called George Crum. Boy 2 : When was that? Boy 1: Oh, it was way back in 1853. Boy 2: So, why was it an accident?

69. Boy 1: Well, one day a customer in the restaurant where George worked sent back his plate of fried potatoes because he said they were cut too thick. Boy 2: So what happened? Boy 1 : Well, George was in a bad mood, so he cut the potatoes really, really thin, and he cooked them for a long time until they were crispy. And he sprinkled lots of salt on them so they were really salty. He thought the customer would hate them.

70. Boy 2 : And? Boy 1: And the customer loved them and asked for more. He told the other customers about them, and soon everyone was ordering thinly sliced, crispy, salty potato chips. Boy 2 : And we're still eating them today. What a cool story! Boy 1: Yeah.

71. PAIRWORK Role play the conversation about the invention of the potato chip. Model A: Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake? B: Wow, I didn’t know that. Who invented them? A: … 2c

73. How were potato chips invented? who : a chef called George Crum when: 1853 how : by mistake cook them for a long time …. sprinkle lots of salt on ….

74. 3a Reading How was tea Invented?

75. Talk about the picture. 1.Who is the man? He is the emperor Shen Nong. 2.What was he doing ? He was boiling drinking water. 3.What happened to the leaves from a nearby bush ? The leaves fell into the water.

76. How was tea invented ? Fast reading 3a Read the article and write True (T) or False (F) for the statements below. 1.Tea ， the most popular drink in the world ， was invented by mistake. 2.The emperor Shen Nong discovered tea when he was boiling drinking water over an open fire. F T

77. Reading in detail Vocabulary A: Find these phrases 1. 偶然 2. 直到 …… 才 3. 根据 …… 4. 在户外火上 5. 煮饮用水 6. 灌木上的叶子 7. 掉入 8. 就这样 by accident not…until according to over an open fire boil drinking water Leaves from a nearby bush fall into in this way

78. B. Explain these phrases ： 1.beverage =drink 2.an ancient Chinese legend 3.remain there for some time 4.notice that … 5.produce a pleasant smell 6.taste the hot mixture 7.decide to do 饮料 古老的中国传说 停留在那儿一段时间 注意到 …… 产生一种愉悦的气味 品尝热的混合液体

79. Content reading A. Read the text and fill the blanks. 1.Althoug tea to the Western world until 1610 ， this beverage over three thousand years before that. 2. an ancient Chinese legend ， the emperor Shen Nong tea when he was boiling was’t brought was discovered According to discovered drinking water over an open fire.

80. 3.Some bush the water and for some time. 4.The emperor the leaves in the water Later he decided to mixture. It was quite delicious. And ， one of the world’s favorite drinks leaves from a nearbyfell into remained there noticed that produced a pleasant smell. taste the hot In this way was invented

81. B. Answer the questions below 1. What is the article about? 2. When was it invented? 3. Who was it invented by? 4. How was it invented? The article is about the invention of tea. It was invented over three thousand years ago. It was invented by the Chinese emperor, Shen Nong. It was invented by accident.

82. What have you learned from 3a? Inventions come from our daily life. We can invent many things too. For another example :Look at 3b.

83. 3b Write an article using the notes in the box. Who: college students What: metal pie plate, flying disk When: 1950s Where: bakery Bridgeport, Connecticut Why: new toy How: students eat pie, throw pie plates Today: clubs, magazines, festival

84. From pie plate to flying disk The flying disk was invented by college students. ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________ ___________________________

85. A sample version The flying disk was invented by college students. Flying disk is a metal pie plate. In the 1950s, several college students ate pies made by a bakery in Bridgeport, Connecticut. They found it interesting to throw the pie plates with each other. Then it became a game. Today, there are flying disk clubs, magazines and even a festival. From pie plate to flying disk

86. How can we invent things? First ， pay attention to problems in our lives. Second ， think of a good way to deal with them. Then you may make it. Look at 4a. a lazy person’s invention

87. 4a Think of something that you don’t like doing. And think of an invention that can help you. Write the details in the chart. Problem: ____________________________ New invention: _______________________ Use: ________________________________ Price: _______________________________ writing tests a pen that listens and writes listen and write instead of you 100 yuan each

88. We have problems so we can invent. Problem1: meet new and difficult words while doing homework New invention :a computer pen Usage :We can ask the computer pen for help when we meet the difficulties. Just tell it about our trouble.then it can help us. Price :200 yuan

89. Problem2 :We are short of water. I want to use waste water more times. New inventions : a water cleaning machine Usage :We can use waste water again and again. Price : 1000 dallors

90. To be a seller Sell our inventions You should introduce your invention and sell them.

91. Homework Write about your inventions. A good invention must be useful to our society （社会） and people.It should make our lives more comfortable. It should be helpful to protect ( 保护 ） our earth.