1. Plant kingdom diversity

2. Plant Groups Bryophytes-Mosses (seedless, non-vascular)
Seedless vascular plants-Ferns
Gymnosperms-Evergreens
Angiosperms-Flowering plants

3. Seedless vascular plants
Cladogram
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Seedless vascular plants
Bryophytes
Evolution of specialized cells / tissue
Evolution of cuticle
Green algae

4. Bryophytes
think moss

5. Bryophytes Small Found only in damp, moist areas on land
1) Leaves must touch water for photosynthesis
2) Sperm swims through water to reach egg in gametophyte

6. Bryophytes
sporophyte
gametophyte

7. Alternation of generations
Multicellular diploid organism (2n)
sporophyte
mitosis
meiosis
Unicellular diploid zygote (2n)
Unicellular haploid cells (n)
(spores)
fertilization
Unicellular haploid gametes (n)
mitosis
Multicellular haploid organism (n)
gametophyte
mitosis

8. Seedless vascular plants
Cladogram
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Seedless vascular plants
Bryophytes
Evolution of vascular tissue
Evolution of specialized cells / tissue
Evolution of cuticle
Green algae

9. Vascular tissue Set of tubes that transport materials around plant
Allows plants to grow taller
Water travels up through xylem
Sugar travels throughout in phloem

10. Seedless vascular plants
Think ferns

11. Vascular tissue Set of tubes that transport materials around plant
Allows plants to grow taller
Water travels up through xylem
Sugar travels throughout in phloem

12. Ferns live further on land
Still must be in moist areas
Sporophyte survives fine with vascular tissue
But sperm must still swim to egg in tiny gametophyte

13. Fern gametophyte

14. Seedless vascular plants
Cladogram
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Seedless vascular plants
Evolution of pollen grains / seeds
Bryophytes
Evolution of vascular tissue
Evolution of specialized cells / tissue
Evolution of cuticle
Green algae

15. Pollen grains
Hard covering around sperm, light weight allows travel by wind
Removes water requirement for fertilization

16. Sperm still swims
At the very end when pollen lands on another plant of same species
Pollen tube connects to ovary, sperm swim to egg

17. Full colonization of land
Vascular tissue +
Reproduction through air

18. Seeds Tough coat protects newly fertilized embryo
Also contains supply of food (endosperm) to survive during dormancy period

19. Gymnosperms Think cones (any conifer like pine trees) female ovary
male pollen cone

20. Gymnosperm pollen strategy
Release a lot, hope some pollinate
(Meanwhile, irritating everyone else)

21. Seedless vascular plants
Cladogram
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Evolution of flowers / fruits
Seedless vascular plants
Evolution of pollen grains / seeds
Bryophytes
Evolution of vascular tissue
Evolution of specialized cells / tissue
Evolution of cuticle
Green algae

22. Angiosperms
Think flowers (most diverse plant group)

23. Flowers Attract animals to help carry pollen to the next flower
Color or scent attractors guide animals to obtain sugar from plant
Oh, and while you’re at it, grab some pollen
Some angiosperms still wind pollinate (grass)

24. Advertising in UV color

25. After fertilization, ovary becomes fruit

26. Fruit Typically collects sugar to attract animals
Seeds survive animal digestive system, pooped out far away from parent (and with free fertilizer!)
Some are not eaten by animals, just help wind carry seed (dandelion)

27. Asexual reproduction Plants can also reproduce asexually
Many plant parts can regrow to make a whole new organism when separated (vegetative reproduction)

28. Seedless vascular plants
Cladogram
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
Evolution of flowers / fruits
Seedless vascular plants
Evolution of pollen grains / seeds
Bryophytes
Evolution of vascular tissue
Evolution of specialized cells / tissue
Evolution of cuticle
Green algae