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Chapter 1 Earth’s Structure
--Lesson 2 Earth’s Interior · Clues to Earth’s Interior (How we learn about the interior & what we know about it.) o What’s below Earth’s Surface? o Temperature & Pressure Increase with Depth o How do scientists learn about the interior layers Using Earthquake Waves · Earth’s Layers o Crust - two types and characteristics that make them different o Mantle (uppermost mantle, asthenosphere, upper and lower mantles) o Core (inner and outer cores) · Earth’s Core and Geomagnetism (How Earth’s Magnetosphere protects Earth from dangerous solar particles) o Earth’s Magnetic Field o Magnetosphere - where is it and what does it do Chapter 1 Earth’s Structure --Lesson 1 Spherical Earth · Describing Earth o Size & Shape of Earth o Earth’s Systems (Spheres and Sphere Interactions) · How Earth Formed o Influence of Gravity and density on Formation o Solar Nebula o Early Earth Steps of solar system formation · Formation of Earth’s Layers (role of density in formation) Two Factors that effect gravity
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Chapter 2 Minerals --Lesson 2 How are Minerals Identified?
--Lesson 1 What is a Mineral? · What is a Mineral (2 questions) o Naturally Occurring o Definite Chemical Composition o Crystalline Form o Solid o Inorganic · Structure of Minerals o Crystal Shape & what determines it right conditions o Common Minerals (silicates and non-silicates) · How Minerals Form o Minerals form from Cool Solutions § evaporation of water with dissolved solids o Minerals form from Hot Solutions § water with dissolved solids seeps into Earth’s hot interior where crystallization occurs o Minerals form from Magma § lava vs. magma § size of crystals determined by location and rate of cooling --Lesson 2 How are Minerals Identified? · Physical Properties o Color o Luster o Streak o Hardness o Cleavage & Fracture - difference o Density o Special Properties Why so many tests? Mohs Scale - talc vs. diamond --Lesson 3 Sources and Uses of Minerals · Mineral Resources o Metallic Mineral Resources o Rare Minerals o Nonmetallic Mineral Resources o Gemstones
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Chapter 5 Erosion & Deposition
Chapter 3 Rocks --Lesson 1 Rocks & the Rock Cycle · Rocks - classification based on... o Texture o Composition What is a rock? Characteristics · Three Major Rock Types o Igneous Rocks - extrusive vs. intrusive o Sedimentary Rocks - contains dead organisms o Metamorphic Rocks - formation difference between magma and lava o The Rock Cycle § Uplift, weathering, sediments, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation, subduction, melting, magma, cooling & crystallization, extreme temperature and pressure, etc.) Chapter 4 Weathering (and Soil) --Lesson 1 Weathering · Weathering and Its Effects Changes to Earth over time · Mechanical Weathering o Examples of Mechanical Weathering o 4 Types of Mechanical Weathering o Surface Area - what happens when it is increased? · Chemical Weathering o Water and Chemical Weathering o Dissolving by Acids - difference between normal rain and acid rain o Oxidation What Affects Weathering Rates? two factors? Causes of unusual rock formation? Chapter 5 Erosion & Deposition --Lesson 1 The Erosion & Deposition Process · Reshaping Earth’s Surface o Constructive & Destructive Forces - list examples · Continual Process of Change o Weathering Agents - list them o Erosion sorting and rounding o Deposition · Interpreting Landforms o Landforms Created by Erosion - characterized by? o Landforms Created by Deposition - characterized by? o Comparing Landforms
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