1. Beginning of the Chapter NutriMe Complete: Personalized Micronutrients Based on Your Genetic Profile 6

2. Genetically Personalized Dietary Supplements

3. Bone health Osteoporosis (calcium, vitamin D, magnesium) Eye health Macular degeneration (antioxidants) Heart health Cholesterol (Omega3) Homocysteine ​​(folic acid, vitamin B) Food intolerances Lactose intolerance (calcium) Gluten intolerance (multivitamin) Joint health Rheumatoid Arthritis (Omega3) Metabolism health Hemochromatosis (iron) Mental health Alzheimer's disease (antioxidants) Detoxification Heavy metals (calcium, selenium, iron) MICRONUTRIENTS Genetics allows us to recognize the micronutrient requirements

4. MICRONUTRIENTS An example of a micronutrient needed in higher doses

5. OXIDATIVE STRESS GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals GPX1 GPX1 Free Radical

6. GPX1 GPX1 Selenium OXIDATIVE STRESS Free Radical GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals

7. GPX1 GPX1 Selenium Free Radical OXIDATIVE STRESS GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals

8. GPX1 GPX1 OXIDATIVE STRESS Selenium GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals

9. GPX1 GPX1 Neutralized OXIDATIVE STRESS Selenium GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals

10. Selenium deficiency 30% activity OXIDATIVE STRESS GPX1 – A Selenoprotein which neutralizes free radicals

11. More selenium 70% activity OXIDATIVER STRESS Selenium deficiency and GPX1 activity Selenium deficiency 30% activity

12. GPX1 GPX1 OXIDATIVE STRESS Genetic variations reduce activity FreeRadical

13. GPX1 GPX1 Selenium OXIDATIVE STRESS Free Radical Genetic variations reduce activity

14. GPX1 GPX1 weaker binding (e.g., 50% less) OXIDATIVE STRESS Selenium Genetic variations reduce activity

15. Normal selenium 35% activity OXIDATIVE STRESS Genetic variations reduce activity

16. OXIDATIVE STRESS Normal selenium 35% activity More selenium 60% activity Genetic variations reduce activity

17. OXIDATIVE STRESS The GPX1 Gene

18. GPX1 55 µg / day OXIDATIVE STRESS Dosage Based on Genetics

19. GPX1 GPX1 96 µg / Day OXIDATIVE STRESS Dosage Based on Genetics 55 µg / Day

20. OXIDATIVE STRESS An example of how a micronutrient has no effect

21. Coenzyme Q10 must be activated Q10 Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

22. Q10 NQO1 UBIUBI Ubiquinol antioxidant protection Coenzyme Q10 must be activated Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

23. Q10 NQO1 UBIUBI Free Radical UBIUBI Ubiquinol antioxidant protection Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS Coenzyme Q10 must be activated

24. NQO1 Activates the Q10 Coenzyme OXIDATIVE STRESS

25. Q10 NQO1 Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

26. Q10 NQO1 Free Radicals Q10 Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

27. Q10 NQO1 UBIUBI UBIUBI UBIUBI UBIUBI UBIUBI UBIUBI UBIUBI Free Radicals Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

28. Q10 NQO1 C C E E ALA C C E E E E C C E E Free Radicals Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated Q10 – No effect OXIDATIVE STRESS

29. NQO1 Q10 Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated OXIDATIVE STRESS

30. NQO1 NQO1 Q10 UBIUBI C C E E ALA Coenzyme Q10 Must Be Activated OXIDATIVE STRESS

31. MIKRONÄHRSTOFFE Various factors which affect the calcium requirement Factor 1) Lactose intolerance

32. MICRONUTRIENTS Lactose Intolerance and Calcium Lactase gene Age++ LACTOSE TOLERANT = 600mg calcium through diet

33. Calcium RDA 800mg/day Ca 200mg/day = 800mg Calcium/day MICRONUTRIENTS Lactose Intolerance and Calcium Lactase gene Age++ LACTOSE TOLERANT = 600mg Calcium through diet

34. Lactase gene Age++ LACTOSE INTOLERANT = 30mg Calcium through diet Calcium RDA 800mg/day Ca 200mg/day = 800mg Calcium/day MICRONUTRIENTS Lactose Intolerance and Calcium Lactase gene Age++ LACTOSE TOLERANT = 600mg Calcium through diet

35. Ca 770mg/day Lactase gene Age++ LACTOSE INTOLERANT = 30mg Calcium through diet Calcium RDA 800mg/day Ca 200mg/day = 800mg Calcium/day MICRONUTRIENTS Lactose Intolerance and Calcium Lactase gene Alter++ LACTOSE TOLERANT = 600mg Calcium through diet

36. MICRONUTRIENTS Various factors which affect the calcium requirement Factor 1) Lactose intolerance Factor 2) Osteoporosis

37. OSTEOPOROSIS Bone Density and Age Osteoporosis Osteopenia Bone density Age (years) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 Normal: bone density increases until 30 years of age and then gradually decreases Normal: bone density increases until 30 years of age and then gradually decreases Gene variations: The bone density decreases faster

38. OSTEOPOROSIS Bone Density and Age Osteoporosis Osteopenia Bone density Age(years) 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 PREVENTION

39. OSTEOPOROSIS What Calcium Dosage is Optimal? 0 mg 1500 mg RDA according to EFSA 800 mg

40. 0 mg 1500 mg Effective, according to studies OSTEOPOROSIS What Calcium Dosage is Optimal? RDA according to EFSA 800 mg 1200 mg

41. 0 mg 1500 mg 800 mg 1200 mg 800mg Normal (low) risk Effective, according to studies OSTEOPOROSIS What Calcium Dosage is Optimal? RDA according to EFSA

42. 0 mg 1500 mg 1200mg Maximum risk 800 mg 1200 mg 800mg Normal (low) risk Effective, according to studies OSTEOPOROSIS What Calcium Dosage is Optimal? RDA according to EFSA

43. MICRONUTRIENTS Various factors which affect the calcium requirement Factor 1) Lactose intolerance Factor 2) Osteoporosis Factor 3) Detoxification of heavy metals

44. Detoxification of heavy metals MICRONUTRIENTS Is the RDA sufficient??

45. PHASE 2 DETOXIFICATION Enzymes remove heavy metals from the body LEAD Enzymatic modification Neutralized GSTM1 GSTT1 GSTP1 Removed by the kidneys

46. GSTM1 GSTT1 GSTP1 Poisoning, cancer LEAD PHASE 2 DETOXIFICATION Genetic variation leads to less protection against lead

47. GSTM1 GSTT1 GSTP1 Calcium binds lead Ca Calcium supplement binds lead Removed by kidneys LEAD PHASE 2 DETOXIFICATION Genetic variation leads to less protection against lead

48. MICRONUTRIENTS Various Factors Which Affect the Calcium Intake Factor 1) Lactose intolerance Factor 2) Osteoporosis Factor 3) Detoxification of heavy metals To summarize: what is the right dosage?

49. CALCIUM What affects the optimal calcium intake? Lactose intolerant Osteoporosis risk Limited detoxification Recommended RDA 800 mg No +0 mg Yes +150 mg No +0 mg No +0 mg Yes +100 mg =800mg Yes +150 mg Yes +150 mg Yes +150 mg Yes +100 mg NO +0 mg No +0 mg No +0 mg =1050mg =950mg =1200mg

50. MICRONUTRIENTS An example of how a micronutrient can have different effects

51. OMEGA 3 An observations often made by doctors Person 1 with low HDL cholesterol The doctor recommends omega 3 supplements HDL cholesterol improves

52. Person 2 with low HDL cholesterol The doctor recommends omega 3 supplements HDL cholesterol is becoming worse What is the difference? APOA1 (A/A) APOA1 (G/G) OMEGA 3 An Observations Often Made by Doctors Person 1 with low HDL cholesterol The doctor recommends omega 3 supplements HDL cholesterol improves

53. Person 2 with low HDL cholesterol Person 1 with low HDL cholesterol The doctor recommends omega 3 supplements APOA1 (A/A) APOA1 (G/G) The doctor recommends phytosterols Various micronutrients achieve similar results similar results HDL cholesterol improves OMEGA 3 An Observations Often Made by Doctors

54. RDA: 250 mg Based on studies: 1000-2900mg OMEGA 3 What dosage is optimal?

55. 0 mg 3000 mg 250mg 1000mg 1500mg 2900mg Study 3 Study 1 Study 2 RDA according to EFSA Dose recommended for the general population = RDA Effective dose, according to studies Daily dose OMEGA 3 What dosage is optimal?

56. CETP APOA5 HDLCholesterolOK CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes Genes that influence HDL

57. CETP APOA5 APOA1 250mgOMEGA3 HDLCholesterolOK CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes Genes that influence HDL

58. APOA1 250mgPhytoster. CETP APOA5 APOA1 250mgOMEGA3 HDLCholesterolOK CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes Genes that influence HDL

59. CETP APOA5 HDLCholesterol too low APOA1 250mgPhytoster. CETP APOA5 APOA1 250mgOMEGA3 HDLCholesterolOK CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes Genes that influence HDL

60. APOA1 1500mgOMEGA3 CETP APOA5 HDLCholesterol too low APOA1 250mgPhytoster. CETP APOA5 APOA1 250mgOMEGA3 HDLCholesterolOK CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes Genes that influence HDL

61. APOA1 1500mgPhytoster. APOA1 1500mgOMEGA3 CETP APOA5 HDLCholesterol too low APOA1 250mgPhytoster. CETP APOA5 APOA1 250mgOMEGA3 HDLCholesterolOK Genes that influence HDL CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol is affected by genes

62. SUMMARY Genes Influence the Micronutrient requirement Genes influence the effect of MN’s Genes influence the necessary dosage By analysing 50+ genes, we can individually dose 20 + micronutrients For 50 genes, there are 717 000 000 000 000 000 000 000 possible genetic profiles Each nutrient mixture is unique

63. MICRONUTRIENTS How can you follow such a detailed requirement?

64. How Can You Follow Such an Extensive Recommendation? Standard products? The dosages are always too high or too low Very expensive Easy to produce Optimal absorption MICRONUTRIENTS Microtransporter technology Personalized mixed capsules?

65. Vitamin C mix 50% w/w Vitamin A mix 4% w/w Zinc mix 11% w/w Mixture for one genetic profile 38g6g22g Instructions: ingest 8g/day Zinc mix Vitamin A mix Vitamin C mix Molecule of filler Molecule of Vitamin C Molecule of Vitamin A Molecule of Zinc Amounts differ depending on genetic profile Various micro transporters are mixed in different ratios to produce an unique combination How Can You Follow Such an Extensive Recommendation? MICRONUTRIENTS

66. A spoon of microtransporters MICRONUTRIENTS

67. Slow Release – absorbed by the body over a period of 8 hours Absorption-inhibiting micronutrients are released at different locations in the intestine The pellets can be swallowed or mixed with yogurt A spoon of microtransporters

68. End of the Chapter NutriMe Complete: Personalized micronutrients based on your genetic profile 6