1. Starter: What influences ocean currents? 10/23/14 75 76 Convection and Ocean Currents 10/23/14 Practice : Glue notes here Application: Glue activity here when graded Connection: Surface currents move horizontally. Other ocean currents, such as upwelling and density currents, move vertically. What is the difference between upwelling and density currents? Convection and Ocean Currents Exit : How does the deep ocean currents affect climate?

2. October 23, 2014 AGENDA Objectives 8.10 A: Recognize that the Sun provides the energy that drives convection within the atmosphere and oceans, producing winds and ocean currents by completing notes and an activity 1 Starter 2. Practice-Notes 3. Activity 4. Ws 5. Exit

3. Date Lecture/ Activity/ Lab Page 10/16 Unit 5 vocabulary 65-66 10/17 Quiz/Writing 67-68 10/20 Weathering Notes 69-70 10/21 Weathering Lab 71-72 10/22 Climate, Wind and Ocean Currents 73-74 10/2374-76 Table of Contents Convection and Ocean Currents

4. Starter What influenced ocean currents? What influenced ocean currents? influenced by weather, Earth’s rotation, and the position of the continents.

5. DEEP Ocean Currents

6.  Warm currents flow away from the equator.  Cold currents flow toward the equator.  Influenced by: Sun, Wind, Coriolis, Gravity Ocean Currents

7. Deep Ocean Water Very cold salty water found deeper below the surface layer. Deep ocean water makes up about 90% of the volume of the oceans. Deep ocean water has a very low temperature, typically from 0 °C (32 °F) to 3 °C (37 °F

8. Density Currents Density currents are a type of vertical current that carry water from the surface to deeper parts of the ocean. Density currents are caused by changes in density rather that wind. Density currents circulate thermal energy, nutrients and gases.

9. The Great Ocean Conveyer Belt the name for a model of the large system of ocean currents that affects weather and climate by circulating thermal energy around Earth. salinity water cools and sinks in the in the North Atlantic and deep water returns to the surface in the Indian and Pacific oceans through upwelling

10. Upwelling Upwelling is the vertical movement of water toward the ocean’s surface. Upwelling occurs when wind blows across the ocean’s surface and pushes water away from an area. Deeper colder water then rises to replace it. Upwelling often occurs along coastlines. Upwelling brings cold, nutrient rich water from deep in the ocean to the ocean’s surface.

11. A strong surface current Begins at the tip of Florida Flows up the eastern coastline of the U.S. Crosses the Atlantic Ocean Causes warmer climate in NW Europe Gulf Stream

12.  VERTICAL COLUMNS OR MOUNDS OF WATER AT THE SURFACE AND FLOW AROUND THEM Produce enormous circular currents Five major locations:  North Pacific - clockwise  South Pacific - counterclockwise  Indian Ocean - counterclockwise  South Atlantic - counterclockwise  North Atlantic - clockwise Gyres

13. Connection Surface currents move horizontally. Other ocean currents, such as upwelling and density currents, move vertically. What is the difference between upwelling and density currents?

14. Exit How does the deep ocean currents affect climate?

15. Starter: What influences ocean currents? 10/23/14 75 76 Convection and Ocean Currents 10/23/14 Practice : Glue notes here Application: Glue activity here when graded Connection: Surface currents move horizontally. Other ocean currents, such as upwelling and density currents, move vertically. What is the difference between upwelling and density currents? Convection and Ocean Currents Exit : How does the deep ocean currents affect climate?