1. Introduction to Psychology Chapter 1

2. Define the following vocabulary words PsychologicalCognitivePsychologyHypothesisTheory Basic Science Applied Science Scientific Method

3. What insight might you gain from psychology? Insight into various types of human behaviors, having practical applications. Let us take some time to list and discuss examples for each of these.

4. What 3 practical applications of Psychology are discussed in the beginning of the Chapter? Give examples of each from your own life? 1.Shaping 2.Mnemonic Devices 3.Childhood Development

5. Describe how the story of the 3 blind men & the elephant, relate to the study of human behavior. In order to understand the behaviors of humans we must not look at it in small pieces but as a whole.

6. Cite the main points of each as it relates to psychology. DescriptionExplanationPredictionInfluence Explain or gather info about behavior being studied. To present what is known Present psychological principals (valid ideas on behavior) Educated guessing of what will happen based on the past events. Shaping behavior in order to help

7. Using basic & applied science, What was discovered about infant development? Going to extremes (both high and low) can cause retardation both mentally and physically. A constant medium level of stimulus is best for proper development.

8. Reconstruct the Graphic Organizer about the Scientific Method. See page 12.

9. To what purpose is the scientific method used to collect data? To ensure data is collected accurately, and to eliminate researchers bias from skewing results.

10. Give 3 facts about Wilhelm Wunolt 1. Credited as the 1 st to set up psychological lab. 2. Said psychology had 2 elements- Sensations & Feelings 3. Created “introspection” -> led to scientific method Introspection -> is about the self, scientific method is applied to the outside.

11. Define the following vocabulary words. StructuralismIntrospectionFunctionalismPsychoanalystBehavioristsHumanistsPsychobiologists

12. Outline the origins of Psychology. B.C.E. 5 th – 6 th Century B.C.E. -> Greeks discover people are rationale. A.D. Mid 1500’s Copernicus said that the world was not center of universe -> Galileio uses telescope to prove -> Renaissance thought of experiment through observation. 17 th Century Decartes says mind & body linked, how we act determines how they interact. Studying big ideas is broken down into smaller parts.

13. Give the greatest hits for the following historical approaches: Structuralism  Wundt created which established modern psychology. Later created introspection. Started using a systematic approach to study.

14. Give the greatest hits for the following historical approaches: Functionalism  William James taught 1 st Psychology class at Harvard in 1875. He is often referred to as the father of psychology. Principles of Psychology was the 1 st textbook used. Focused mainly on the functions of psychology.

15. Give the greatest hits for the following historical approaches: Inheritable Traits  Galton found greatness runs in the family, and wanted to understand traits influence. Created a primitive ancestor of the I.Q. Test & Personality test. Raised the question: Is behavior determined by heredity or environment? (Nature vs. Nurture)

16. Give the greatest hits for the following historical approaches: Gestalt Psychology  Wertheimer, Kohler, & Koffka all disagreed with structuralism + behaviorism and said it is “whole pattern” not sum of the parts. This became the forerunner of cognitive approach to psychology.

17. Briefly summarize each of the following Contemporary Approaches: Psychoanalytic  Freud and the unconscious mind. Belief of primitive biological urges in conflict with requirements of society & morality. This is the root of human behavior. Used free association= say anything that comes to mind. Said dreams are expressions of unconscious urge. Developed the use of case studies, and is considered the most influential psychologist.

18. Briefly summarize each of the following Contemporary Approaches: Behavioral  Pavlov and his dogs proved classic conditioning. Watson believed we should only be concerned with the observable facts of behavior. Skinner was responsible for “Reinforcement”. Response to behavior increasing the likelihood behavior will repeat) Eg. Mating

19. Briefly summarize each of the following Contemporary Approaches: Humanist  Maslow, Rogers, & may said behavior evolving and self directed. Environment is background to human growth. Each person unique and has potential for growth.

20. Briefly summarize each of the following Contemporary Approaches: Cognitive  Behavioral Neuroscience is the study of how the brain, nervous system, hormones, & genetics influence behavior. Discovered link between chemicals in the brain and behavior.

21. Briefly summarize each of the following Contemporary Approaches: Sociocultural  Influence of cultural & ethnic similarities and differences on behavior and social function.

22. Define the following vocabulary. PsychologistPsychiatry Clinical Psychologists Counseling Psychologists Developmental Psychologist Educational Psychologists Community Psychologists Industrial or Organizational Psychologists Experimental Psychologists