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Physical Science Chapter 2

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Presentation on theme: "Physical Science Chapter 2"— Presentation transcript:

1 Physical Science Chapter 2
What is Matter? Physical Science Chapter 2

2 Matter Anything that has mass and takes up space
All the materials you can hold or touch Examples You This computer The air you are breathing

3 Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element
Atoms are matter Atom = smallest particle that has the properties of an element Atoms make up elements

4 Elements Element = a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances An example of an element is carbon So, carbon is an element and elements are made of atoms

5 Elements Each element has a one or two letter symbol
Each are unique and behave differently What element is shown here?

6 Compounds Most substances exist on Earth and in the human body as compounds, not free elements A compound is a substance made of more than one element bound together Carbon = black Oxygen = red Hydrogen = white

7 + = Compound Properties
Specific compounds always combine in the same proportions Every water molecule has 2 hydrogens and 1 oxygen Compounds have properties very different from their individual elements + =

8 Chemical Formulas Contains the symbols for each element in a compound and the numbers for each atom of each element H2O CO2 CH4 NaCl

9 Pure Substances Matter with a fixed composition and definite properties Examples are atoms, elements, and compounds Cannot be separated by physical actions

10 + + = Mixtures NOT PURE SUBSTANCES
Made of pure substances, but composition is not fixed Can be separated by physical actions + + =

11 Types of Mixtures Heterogeneous = substances are not uniformly mixed throughout, you can see the layers Homogeneous = evenly mixed throughout Layers are not visible Also called a solution Granite is a common and widely-occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite primarily consists of orthoclase and plagioclase feldspars, quartz, hornblende, muscovite and/or biotite micas, and minor accessory minerals such as magnetite, garnet, zircon and apatite. Rarely, a pyroxene is present.

12 More Mixtures Gases can also mix with liquids
Gases are usually dissolved in water Examples are carbonated drinks Homogeneous mixtures (solutions) Contain sugar, flavorings and carbon dioxide dissolved in water


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