1. Fall Of Rome Fall of Rome: Problems: Map pg 161
Loss of loyalty to empire/ emperor
Wasted $, $ flowing out of empire through trade
Civil war for power- armies fight each other, rich vs. poor, political offices a burden, corruption
Borders overrun, trade not safe, business collapses, agriculture problems, drought- ruins economy AD
Germanic tribes pour into Roman territory,
overwhelming Roman control. Many in flight from the ruthless Mongol invaders from the east, The Huns
410 Germanic tribe- Visigoths- attacks Rome and defeats it
450’s Attacks by the Huns and Germanic tribes Territory broken up
476 Last Roman Emperor overthrown.

2. Fall Of Rome

3. Results of Germanic Invasion
400’s Germanic Tribes overrun Europe
Disruption of Trade- business collapses, money is scarce
Population shift- people are run out of the cities, subsistence farming (population chart pg 317)
Decline in learning- no schools, no reading or writing, no speaking Greek
Language changes- Latin splits into other languages- French, Spanish, Italian emerge
Small Germanic kingdoms arise- ever-changing borders
Loyalty to family and community- not to state/empire
Germanic cultural stress on personal ties make empire impossible

4. 496-600. Clovis- Frankish King converts to Christianity-
Clovis- Frankish King converts to Christianity- Church supports him and his military campaigns- missionaries sent out- many Germanic peoples converted – controls most of modern day France
732 Battle of Tours- Frankish King (France) Defeats Muslim army and stops expansion into Europe
Monasteries and Convents-
Religious communities- Men and women who gave life to serving God
Became centers of learning- opened schools, maintained libraries, copied books, wrote history
Role of the Pope-
590 Spiritual head also has political power
Center of Rome’s govt (city)
Negotiates peace treaties
Uses church $ to raise armies, repair roads, build buildings and help the poor

5. Meanwhile: Byzantine(pg267)
The eastern empire under the name Byzantine is flourishing 330 Constantine moves seat of power east to Constantinople- builds mighty capital
533 Justianian- recaptures much of previous Rome- Italy, North Africa, some of Spain.
Spoke Greek not Latin
Eastern Orthodox church develops separate from the western Catholicism
Justianian Code laws complied from Rome
Education is preserved- children go to monastic schools, public schools, or have tutors. Study Greek, Latin, History, Art and Literature
Problems within- Plague, continuous military attacks
550’s- 1300’s Continuous military attacks from all sides-
Early on- Avars, Slavs, and Bulgars in the North, Lombards in the west, Persians on the east,
Later- Russians from North, Turks and Arabs from the east.
1350 Controls only the tip of Anatolia
1453 Constantinople falls to the Turks

6. Byzantine Empire

7. Meanwhile - Russia (map pg 275)
North of the Byzantine empire- inhabited by Slavic tribes of farmers and traders- People from north (probably Vikings) came and settled (mixed with population)
Kiev- becomes Principality (small area ruled by a prince) becomes major trading route with Constantinople, Kiev converts to Eastern Orthodox Christianity

8. Meanwhile- Islam emerges
613 Muhammad preaches publicly in Mecca- gets run out gathers following in Medina (pg 241)
Monotheism- Allah (same God of Jews/Christians)
He was the last of the prophets
Jesus was a prophet
Good and evil exist, live morally
Quaran/ Koran- final holy book
5 duties- faith, prayer, fasting, alms, pilgrimage
630 Returns to Mecca with following 10,000. Mecca surrenders many convert
Muhammad dies- New Leader elected- Caliph- becomes head of military
Shite/ Sunni split over who should be Caliph
Controls all of Arabia

9. 750 Conquest continues- Controls North Africa, Spain, middle east, southwest Asia (map of page 241)
Legacies-
Huge trade network- Mediterranean sea and Indian ocean
Common language- Arabic,
Common currency- dinar
Creation of banks, credit, issuing of sakk (check)
Immense achievements in arts and sciences
Collection of poets, philosophers, scientists, doctors
Rise of cities

10. Islam