1. Atoms and the Periodic Table
Chapter 17
Mrs. Chilton

2. Atoms Elements are made of particles called atoms
Atoms are the smallest pieces of matter that contain all the properties of a specific element
Each element contains only one type of atom

3. Essential Question
How do we know what the atom looks like when no one has ever seen it?

4. Inside the Atom Atoms are made up of smaller particles
These particles are found in different regions of the atom

5. Protons Positively charged particles found in nucleus of atom
Have an electrical charge of +1
Mass of 1 a.m.u.
Composed of quarks

6. Neutrons Neutral particles found in nucleus of atom
Have no electrical charge
Mass of 1 a.m.u.
Composed of quarks

7. Nucleus
The nucleus is the positively charged dense core in the center of the atom
Contains 99.9% of mass of atom
Houses protons and neutrons

8. Electrons Negatively charged particles found in electron cloud
Have an electrical charge of -1
Constantly moving around outside nucleus
Have essentially no mass

9. Electron Cloud
Region around nucleus
Houses electrons

10. Time to Make a Foldable!

11. Time to Make a Foldable!

12. Atomic Models Have been revised many times to explain new discoveries
Democritus (4th century B.C.) thought the atom could not be split
Theory was modified when subatomic particles were discovered

13. Newer Models Bohr’s Model (1913) revised earlier thoughts
Showed electrons moving in paths like planets
Revised in 1925
Now electrons in cloud

14. Valence Electrons
Electrons in the outermost energy level of an electron are called valence electrons
These are the electrons furthest from the nucleus

15. Symbols Elements are listed by their chemical symbols
Symbols are usually either one capital letter like C for Carbon, or one capital and one lowercase letter like Ne for Neon

16. Periodic Table
The periodic table gives much information we need to learn more about the atom of each element

17. Atomic Number Atomic number = # of protons in an atom
Whole number shown on periodic table
Periodic table is arranged by atomic number

18. Atomic Mass Mass # = # p+ + # n0
The average atomic mass is the number at the bottom of this square
Found by averaging the natural abundances of its isotopes
Mass # = # p+ + # n0

19. Concept Map
Complete this concept map:

20. Atom Math
Atomic Number
Symbol
Element Name
Atomic Mass

21. Atom Math
Protons
Electrons
Protons
Neutrons

22. Practice # n0 = Mass # - Atomic # Zn Oxygen Lithium 8 30 3 15.999
65.39
6.941 8 30 3 35 8 4 8 30 3
# n0 = Mass # - Atomic #