1. Thinking Skill Goal Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions.

2. Important Dates ● 313 CE Constantine converted to Christianity ● 330 CE Division of Catholic Faith (West and East) ● 395 CE Christianity becomes the official religion of the empire ● 410 CE Rome sacked ● 476 CE End of the empire

3. The Seven Sacraments/Infallibility ● Baptism ● Confirmation ● Communion ● Penance ● Marriage ● Holy Orders ● Extreme Unction ● What was there role? ● Monasticism: embracing chastity, poverty and obedience made for superior Christian life. Led to infallibility of the church

4. What did the church regulate? ● Hospitals ● industry ● asylums ● poor houses ● libraries ● schools/universities ● Largest Landholder in Europe

5. Hereditary Monarchy Origin: Middle Ages Divine Right: Who advocated theocracy?

6. Women “Through a woman we were sent to destruction; through a woman salvation was restored to us.” (Augustine)

7. Seeds of Abuse? ● Blind loyalty of the people ● #1 Landholder ● ?

8. Life of the People ● Feudalism/Serfs ● 9/10 worked the land ● Life Span: 35 Years ● warfare ● famine ● lawlessness ● Death ● Illiteracy (1455 Press) ● No sense of self ● Famine ● Agriculturally backward

9. The Black Death ● Origin: seaborne rats from the Black Sea ● Spread: fleas, lungs, sneezing, wheezing ● Discolored body ● 1374: Sicily ● 1384: Venice, Genoa, Pisa ● 1400’s: 2/5 of Western European population was dead

10. Causes of Black Death ● Corruption of atmosphere ● poisonous fumes from Earthquakes ● Jews ● ________________________________ ● Flagellants: beat themselves to they bled for they believed divine intervention would save them

11. Commerce Pre-1200’s ● Commerce was disfavored by the church because it was for Profit. Left for the Jews. ● Industry: Justified (Guilds-Just Price) ● Agriculture: Justified ● By 1200’s: Start to see towns and a slow moving away from the estates

12. Thinking Skill Goal ● Explicitly assess information and draw conclusions.