1. SPARTA

3. MILITARY SOCIETY
Life revolved around army, no need for city walls…army will defend
All men aspired to become soldiers
Newborn infants were examined
Healthy: could live
Sickly: left to die on a hillside

4. SPARTAN MEN
Age 7: taken to military barracks to start training in reading, writing, weapons
Age 20: became soldiers & sent to frontier
Age 30: marry & reproduce, but still stay in army
Age 60: retire from army

5. SPARTAN MEN Life in barracks is harsh
Beaten by older children to make you tough
Whipped in front of others but could not cry
Given little food & encouraged to steal
Wore rags & no shoes all year
In time, taught to lie, steal, cheat

6. SPARTAN WOMEN Life’s ambition is to be a soldier’s mother
Brought up to be healthy
Trained in wrestling, boxing, gymnastics
Married at 19 so babies would be healthy
More personal freedoms than Athenians, but not serve in gov’t

7. SPARTAN GOVT.
There were kings, but their duties were limited to leading the army & conducting religious services
The Assembly (male citizens over 30) passed laws, made decisions
A Council of the Elders (male citizens over 60) served as supreme court;

8. CULTURE
The strict control over people led to a lack of economic development
Discouraged trade & shunned philosophy, science & the arts
They were exceptional athletes, competed well in the Olympics, & defended Greece against invaders

9.
Athens

11. Government
Unlike Sparta they developed a constitution that stated all free, Athenian-born men were citizens…regardless of what social class - Now they could participate in Assembly regardless of land ownership
- This reduced friction in Athens

12. Children in Athens
Boys given an education, as they were expected to hold office as a citizen 1 day
Girls received no formal education, just household training from mother
Private tutors or schools
From 7-18 boys learned:
Arithmetic --Geometry
Drawing, music, gymnastics
Main texts were Iliad & Odyssey

13. Children in Athens
Wealthy girls would marry their father’s choice at 15
Peasant girls would choose a husband from the field
Boys would train for future jobs after school
They entered the military after graduation & then went onto careers such as businessmen or Olympic athletes

14. Women in Athens Wore clothes to depict their status in society
Most important job for all women is having children
Wealthy women would manage house & slaves
Peasant women would manage house & work in field
Women not allowed to eat/sleep in same room as men, go to market
Women were not allowed to view the olympics.

15. Men in Athens Like their wives, wore clothes equal to their status
In charge of family & house
Given great respect at home
Would work as businessmen or farmers during the day
Given the most responsibility in Greece, so they were the most important people

16. Building Democracy 621 BC democracy develops in Athens
Develop legal code based on equality of citizens
Abolish debt slavery & have citizens make laws
- Only native born property owning males are citizens